Apple water heart disease focuses on prevention

"Apple water heart disease is also known as saccharification and honey disease. The deterioration of fruit quality and intolerance of storage is an apple physiological disease. This disease will seriously restrict the cultivation and development of apples, but the prevention and control of apple water heart disease focus on prevention." Members of the expert advisory group of the newspaper, Lu Pinghui, a fruit specialist from Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, said.

There are many factors that affect the incidence of apple water heart disease, such as variety factors, geographical location, climate, calcium deficiency, boron exceeding the standard will be the cause of water heart disease, but mainly by the sorbitol metabolism in the fruit blocked and calcium, nitrogen, Potassium and other elements are not balanced, disrupting the normal physiological metabolism of the fruit. If you want to get effective control, you need to do five measures in planting:

(1) Improve soil and fertilize: Improve soil, increase organic fertilizer, promote root development, increase calcium absorption, and improve potassium and calcium ratio.

(2) Adjusting the fruit load: Through pruning and thinning and fruit thinning, the branch fruit ratio is maintained at 3 to 5:1 and the leaf to fruit ratio is within the range of 30 to 40:1. And appropriate retraction of the results of the branch, prevent disease and protect the leaves, to avoid direct sun exposure and sunburn.

(3) Harvesting in a proper period: The harvesting period is determined according to the growing period of the fruit.

(4) In the 2 weeks before the apple flowering: Sinitrophosphoric-calcium compound fertilizer can also effectively control. In addition, the application of potassium nitrate compound fertilizer was sprayed once every 3 weeks after blooming to reduce the fruit rate of water heart disease. 8 to 10 weeks before fruit harvest, sprayed calcium chloride also has better control effect.

(5) Calcium spray on fruit surface: The apple was sprayed with calcium nitrate 4 times for 3 weeks and 5 weeks after flowering and 8 weeks and 10 weeks before harvesting. The whole tree sprayed with nutrient balance for calcium, amino acid calcium 300 ~ 500 times liquid, the effect is better. “Intensify cultivation and management, increase organic fertilizer, apply formula fertilization, avoid single application of ammonium nitrogen fertilizer, pay attention to conservation, pruning, and keep fruit, adjust the ratio of leaf and fruit. As long as the prevention work is done seriously, apple water heart disease is easy to prevent At present, the harvest period is already facing. If water heart disease occurs, organic fertilizer can be properly applied and calcium chloride sprayed on the fruit can relieve the disease, said Ma Zhifeng, associate professor of Yangling Vocational and Technical College.

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