Scientists discover new ways to detect glutathione

Release date: 2012-11-21


Recently, the Supramolecular Photochemistry Research Group of the Institute of Physics and Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has for the first time developed a reactive fluorescence sensor that selectively detects glutathione (GSH) in living cells. Related research results were published in the American Chemical Society.
Free radical damage is one of the important molecular mechanisms of tissue damage. Free radicals are involved in the damage mechanisms of many diseases such as heart disease, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and tumors.
"Small-based bio-small molecules, such as cysteine ​​(Cys), homocysteine ​​(Hcy), and GSH, maintain redox balance by scavenging excess free radicals in biological systems." Researcher Chen Yuzhe said.
According to reports, as the most abundant thiol-containing biomolecule in the cell, GSH not only participates in the cell antioxidant reaction, maintains the body's redox balance, but also participates in regulating cell proliferation, immune response and acting as a neuromodulator in the nervous system. And the role of neurotransmitters.
However, the similarity of the structure and reactivity of the sulfhydryl-containing bio-small molecules often makes the fluorescent probes that generally detect GSH produce the same or similar responses to Cys and Hcy. Therefore, the development of fluorescence sensors with highly selective detection of GSH still presents significant challenges.
In the article, the research team reported a class of ratiometric fluorescent chemical sensors based on monochlorinated BODIPY derivatives. Unlike traditional fluorescence detection mechanisms, the team used a new “two-step reaction” to distinguish GSH from Cys and Hcy.
“Conventional detection is mainly achieved by reaction between the sulfhydryl group and the sensor, and thus produces similar responses to GSH, Cys and Hcy; and we use a novel two-step reaction mechanism, Cys and Hcy through the coordination of thiol and amino groups. The reaction ultimately produces an amino-substituted product, while GSH produces a mercapto-substituted product that causes a significant change in the spectrum, distinguishing it from Cys and Hcy," Chen Yuzhe explained.
Industry experts believe that the results will provide a new way to study the impact of cancer, heart disease, aging and other diseases and treatment.
It is understood that the relevant research work has been funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Outstanding Youth Science Fund, the “973” Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology, and the “Hundred Talents Program” of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Source: Chinese Journal of Science

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