The spring temperature rises, the fruit tree roots begin to move, the sap rises, and flower buds are further differentiated and enriched. This is an important period for management. Therefore, we must do a good job of managing the fruit trees in the spring. For apple trees, the following items should be focused on. Puyang Linshi Medical Supplies Co., Ltd. , https://www.linshimedical.com
First, cut flowers before flowering For the Chinese New Year apple trees, we should carefully grasp the pre-flower cutting work, the focus is to clean up the excessively messy branches, retain the growth potential middle, full of flower buds, so that small branches between the results Approximately 20 cm away, evenly distributed on both sides of the shaft. Too long bunches of flowers retreat moderately. If the tree vigor is weaker, it may retain some of the anticline collaterals or the branches on the back, and the headed branches of the branchlets should also be raised at an angle to promote growth and rejuvenate the tree. If the temperature in spring is not stable, consider the effect of frost on the fruit setting rate, and the degree of cutting before flowering should not be excessive.
Second, carved buds For apple saplings, especially long-stemmed varieties, carve buds are the foundation and key to promote flowering. The key to the success of trunk or spindle shaping is the carving of buds. Only one branch can make it more branches, which can form short branches, and the short branches form the basis of flower buds. When the shoots are formed, the long shoots are formed. The long shoots inhibit the formation of flower buds and promote the thickening of the shoots, which is an unfavorable factor for flowering. There are four kinds of methods for cutting buds. One is a ring-cut type carved bud, which is separated by 20 centimeters on the branches and is cut circularly with a ring cutter. The incision is before the dorsal buds or after the dorsal buds. The harder it is to cut to the top of the branches, so as not to cause a break. The second is to promote budding multi-directional carved buds, that is, with a small steel saw blade, on the annual branch, mainly for the two sides of the bud, in front of the bud 0.3 centimeters to hurt and promote its germination. Thirdly, directional orientation is used to cut sprouts. When the branches on one side or on the main trunk and the main branch need to be planted on a certain part, they can be carved in the ideal parts. The fourth type is the impaled type carved bud, which is to use a small hacksaw to shoot a 0.5 cm saw injury from the back of the bud, which can inhibit the germination of the bud and it is generally used for the bud on the back. For over Wang Wang, the post-cut injury also weakened its growth potential.
Third, pollination for the release of wall bees, should be prepared paper tubes, beehives, release 100 per mu. Make sure there is mud in the pit. The wall bees are placed in the orchard 2-3 days before flowering, and the bees are taken back 10 days after flowering. Conditional also releases bees. When the pollination tree blooms less, some pollinating branches may be collected, and they may be grown in small buckets and hung on the main cultivars. Flowering stage can be used towel bar (wrapped with white towels wrapped in bamboo rafts) Rolling method or pollen 1:1 mixed with starch, loaded in a cloth bag shaking. The most direct and most effective is the artificial point-pointing (powder can be divided into batches, the dried pollen produced is effective for two days), and the point of giving the flower just blooming is the best. The discoloration of the stigma, the loss of petals, and the shrinkage of the anthers are less effective. Excess pollen can also be formulated into a suspension to be sprayed by mixing the pollen with the mother liquor, adding 5% brown sugar, 0.1% borax, 0.2% urea, and finally the pollen mother liquor to the sprayer at 10:00 am Spray before 5pm. Note: Insecticides that are toxic to pollinating insects must not be sprayed 10 days before flowering until the entire flowering period.
4. When the amount of thinning and sparse fruit blossoms is sufficient, weak flowers, flower buds, and flowers that are too dense can be removed first. The fruit thinning should be determined according to the requirements of fertilizer and water management, the amount of flowers and the quality of the fruit. When the fertilizer and water conditions are good, the fruit can be left a little more, and the production of high-grade and large fruit should be less, and the production of middle and low grade fruits can be left in appropriate amounts. Mu yield is controlled at 2000-3000 kg. The varieties with high fruit setting rate and the varieties with earlier flowering can be properly sparse. The varieties with flowering and fruit drop, such as the red star, can be properly sparse. When fruit thinning occurs, the fruits of the deformed fruit, small fruit, round fruit, fruit of the non-fruited table leaf, fruit produced by the bud of the flower bud, and fruit with disease and insect damage are removed first. Large and medium-sized fruit can only have one fruit per fruit stand. Each fruit must leave 40-50 leaves to provide nutrition, and the distance between the fruits should be more than 25 cm. Small fruit can retain single or double fruit per fruit, leaving 30 leaves for each fruit. Try to leave the vertical shape fruit and increase the fruit shape index.
Fifth, bridging the trunk with frostbite and lesions should be bridged as early as possible in early April. In order to prevent the interface from feeling sick, it can be used afterwards with 50 times the liquid 9281 and clay and mud, paste at the interface, and then wrapped with plastic film.
Sixthly, saplings of young shoots should pay particular attention to the removal of buds, buds at the base, and improper sprouting at the slash.
VII. Fertilizer and Water Management When saplings thrive, they should be controlled by nitrogen-enhanced organic fertilizers and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to promote flower bud formation. Adult trees should be poured before a flower, in order to reduce the impact of frost, spend a larger amount of Mu can recover 10-15 kg of urea. Shallow pits are applied at multiple points, watering is applied after pouring, and shallow dicing after pouring.
Eight, the preparation of fruit bags in order to produce low-grade fruit as the goal, can use film bags; to produce high-grade fruit as the goal, you can prepare the paper bag, you can also take the film plus paper bagging method.
Nine, pest control flowering rainfall can cause mycotic disease, especially the Marshal Department of species should pay attention to, you can choose to spray 10% Polaroid (polyoxine), 50% carbendazim, 50% acetaminophen WP, 3% polymyxin and other agents were sprayed 7-10 days after flowering. To prevent and treat diseases such as spotted deciduous disease, red spider, scale insect, and blind borer, spray 70% thiophanate-methyl, 1.8% schizophyllin, and Lactos can be used.