Apricot autumn management technology

I. Soil and Fertilizer Water Management 1. It is better to use early basal fertilization room apricot tree base basal fertilization time compared to open field cultivation to late summer to early autumn. At this time, basal fertilization is due to the high ground temperature, which is the peak of apricot tree rooting, and the roots are easily healed, which can promote the photosynthesis of shoots and promote flower bud differentiation. Fertilizer is dominated by organic fertilizer, and fertilization amount is 20%-30% more than open cultivation. 3000-4000 kg of rotten organic fertilizer is applied per acre. Soil fertigation can be carried out in combination with autumn deep turning, so it should be sooner rather than later. Banded fertilization is usually used. At the periphery of the crown projection, a trench with a depth of 40-50 cm is mechanically applied and the fertilizer is applied to the trench and then buried. Perfusing once after fertilization will help the settlement of soil and the release and absorption of nutrients. 2. Adding green manure to plant green manure crops between rows of apricot trees. Once in autumn, plowing to the bottom of the ground to make the base fertilizer, followed by watering, can also get a good increase in yield. 3. Apricot leaves in leaf dressing room have a long growing time, and leaves in autumn are prone to premature aging. In the early application of basic fertilizer to improve the function of leaves, we should pay attention to foliar fertilizer, improve leaf quality and function. Common apricot trees are planted in the greenhouse. After the beginning of autumn, the leaf fertilizer is sprayed every 10 days or so and sprayed for 5-7 times. The fertilizer is urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, rare earth microelement fertilizer, amino acid compound fertilizer, titanium micro fertilizer, etc. Active organic liquid fertilizer is the main fertilizer, which can be used alternately with various fertilizers. 4. Irrigation and drainage in a timely manner in the late period of the vegetative growth of the apricot tree in the autumn greenhouse, timely watering in an appropriate amount, is conducive to the synthesis and accumulation of nutrients, is conducive to the formation of flower buds, and is frozen before being frozen to make it safe for winter. As apricot trees are not tolerant, if there is more rainwater or water accumulation, they should be drained in time to prevent apricot trees from feeling sick due to spasms. 5. Deep ploughing and ploughing should be carried out before the soil is frozen in August-November, and the general plough depth is about 20 cm. Deep plunging can be done by digging a 60 cm deep groove on the vertical edge of the canopy or digging strips between rows. Do not cut off the rough roots by expanding the tree trays. Topsoil and subsoil should be stacked separately. When backfilling soil, topsoil is mixed with rotten leaves, weeds, dead branches or other farmyard fertilizers and placed in the lower half of the ditch. The original subsoil is placed in the upper half of the ditch. For soil with thin soil layer and poor soil structure, the tree plate should be expanded according to the extension of the root system of apricot tree.

Second, paclobutrazol is used to further improve the nutritional quality of the tree and control the vegetative growth of the apricot tree during its vigorous growing season. In mid-August, 300-500 mg/L of paclobutrazol wettable powder was sprayed on the leaves and sprayed once every 10 days for 4 consecutive sprayings.

Third, the autumn pruning Because of the early stage of greenhouse apricot growth, weak light, high temperature, high humidity, easy to cause excessive vegetative growth, thereby affecting the yield and quality. After the fruit is harvested, the tree angle has a relatively stable period. During the production, the tree shape can be fixed with technical measures such as top, pull, stay, and rake. The branch opening angle should be carried out after the branch is stopped in August-September.

Fourth, disease prevention and pest control 8-9 months, according to the actual situation, timely spraying pesticide pest control hazards. Every 15-20 days, spraying 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 1000 times or 50% carbendazim wettable powder 800 times to prevent bacterial perforation of apricot trees. Use 20% fenvalerate emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times solution to control aphids; use 40% diclofenac EC 1500 times solution or 15% eucalyptus EC 1000 times solution to prevent and control spider mites; use 20% methional Erythromycin 1000 times or 20% of swamp-resistance emulsifiable concentrate 3000 times solution to prevent caterpillars and naval caterpillars. In addition, litter was removed in time to reduce the source of the disease and reduce the wintering base of pests.

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