Winter is an important stage to adjust the tree structure. The winter orchard management of the orchard is directly related to the strength of the tree in the second year of the fruit tree, the amount of the result, the quality of the product, and the hazard of overwintering pests and diseases. To do a good job in winter management of orchards will help promote further differentiation of flower buds, ensure safe wintering of trees, and lay a good foundation for the growth, development, yield, and quality of fruit trees in the coming year. First, fertilizer and water management. As soon as possible, replenish basal fertilizer: For the orchard without basal fertilization in autumn, according to the yield, tree vigor, combined with the winter season, deep-lying the whole garden basal fertilizer, the fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, and a certain amount of compound fertilizer is applied (15%-15%-15%) ) Fertilizing can be done in a variety of ways, such as loops, hooks, radials, etc., and dig deep 40-50 cm of fertilization ditch beyond the canopy projection, then mix the fertilizer and soil and fill it into the ditch, and then back to the soil. Fill in. Timely deep plowing of the soil: deep plowing of the orchard will help improve soil structure and physical and chemical properties, accelerate soil maturation, convert insoluble nutrients into soluble nutrients, and increase soil fertility; deepen the soil tillage layer to create good conditions for the root system. In winter, deep plowing is beneficial to the recovery of roots and the reduction of root system damage after the fruit is harvested and before it is frozen. At the same time, it can freeze pathogens eggs in dead soil and reduce the overwintering base number. Deep-turning methods include deep hole deepening, deep deepening of interlacing and deep turning of the whole garden. The depth is slightly deeper than the distribution layer of the main root system of fruit trees, generally 30-50 cm. Second, winter pruning. Through pruning in winter, the structure of the tree is adjusted, and the leggy branches, dense branches, overlapped branches, and broken branches are cut off to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the crown, which is conducive to the accumulation of tree nutrients and the promotion of flower bud differentiation. Winter cuts are carried out after defoliation and before germination, generally starting in December and ending in the following year. The methods of winter shearing are mainly methods such as thinning, dumping, short cutting, retracting, and opening angles. Different pruning methods should be adopted for different tree ages. The saplings should pay attention to cultivating the skeletal structure of the tree, and the backbones should be selected to be good at all levels. Generally, they should not be short cut, and the weak branches and Wang branches in the same direction should be removed. For fruit trees in full fruit period, the contradiction between vegetative growth and results should be regulated, and the result of auxiliary support should be used to timely and appropriate shrinkage, which will facilitate the accumulation of nutrients, promote flower bud differentiation, and form fruiting branches; strong branches and short cuts will facilitate the accumulation of nutrients. Flower buds; At the same time pay attention to the removal of cross-branches, overlapping branches, clumps of branches, can improve the ventilation and light conditions, and promote flower buds. For senescence trees, pruning is carried out by adopting main branch renewal, brow renewal or rotation renewal as appropriate, and at the same time, attention is paid to shortening and retracting new branches to re-form the crown. Third, control pests 1, scraping skin: mature fruit trees, rough bark, there are many cracks, rough skin tilt, these places are pests, bacteria wintering place. By scraping the skin can be concentrated to eliminate it, in order to reduce the population density and the initial source of germs in the coming year. However, peaches, apricots, plums, etc., after scraping skin, the fruit trees should not be scraped. 2. Whitening: Whitening of trunks can not only effectively prevent winter frost damage of pre-fruit trees, sunburn and gnawing of livestock and poultry, but also play a good role in prevention and control of diseases and insects that remain on branches. The whitening treatment is generally combined with a scraping treatment and is carried out after falling leaves. The main part of the white area is the trunk, and the main branch bifurcation and the base of the trunk should be painted more. When coating white, it should be applied from top to bottom, evenly applied, and the concentration should be dry and not sticky. The commonly used whitening agent formula is: 10 parts of water, 3 parts of quick lime, 0.5 parts of lime sulfur stock solution, 0.5 parts of salt and a small amount of grease. 3, Qingyuan: Orchard cleanup is conducive to the elimination of a variety of pests and diseases. In combination with winter pruning, the branches and branches of pests, branches and branches of diseases and pests are cut off, and the dead branches, diseased leaves, stagnation, and residual leaves in the orchard are cleared in time and burned or buried deeply. 4. Spraying: After the orchard is cleaned up, the whole park can be sprayed with lime sulfur so as to reduce the base number of overwintering of the disease and insects and reduce the damage of the diseases and insects in the coming year. Can also be sprayed for different diseases, such as dry pests, using manual hooking or injection of drugs to seal the larvae. Fourth, scientific antifreeze. Evergreen or deciduous fruit trees encounter cold temperatures during flowering and germination, which can affect the normal growth and fruiting of fruit trees. Therefore, attention must be paid to the winterization of orchards in winter. At present, the following commonly used antifreeze methods are the following. The first is to protect the soil from cold: Before the freezing, the soil is ploughed from the ground part of the tree to the underground part, with a thickness of 20-30 cm, and it is removed when it is defrosted in the following year. Grapes, kiwis, etc. are the safest way to get through the winter with buried soil, which can both keep warm and maintain moisture. The second is the trunk Sokcho: winding the trunk with straw rope can not only effectively prevent freezing, but also eliminate overwintering pests. The third is to cover the film: in the winter around the tree plate with green manure, manuscript, straw, mulch, etc. to cover, can effectively play a role in insulation and moisturizing and cold. Especially for saplings, cover the mulch before the frost, and then cover the mulch with 15-20 cm of grass to increase soil temperature and prevent freezing damage. Fourth, foliar fertilizer: Evergreen fruit trees can use 0.2-0.5% urea solution or 0.1-0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate for extra-root fertilizer at noon on sunny days in winter to increase the humidity of the orchard and increase the anti-freezing ability. In addition, timely removal of tree volume snow, and according to the requirements of the construction of shelterbelts to reduce the wind speed, reduce the disease. The fifth is to pour frozen water: Before the soil is frozen, filling the orchard with water according to the situation will help increase the soil heat capacity and ensure that the root system can safely overwinter. Goji berries seed containing all the nutrition goji berries root, leaf, fruit essence. 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