Orchard tree species configuration

The simpler the geographical and environmental conditions of the orchard, the easier the allocation of tree species and species. On the contrary, the more complex the topography of the orchard, the more difficult the allocation of tree species and species. In principle, the tree species must be adapted to local conditions. In the same place, because of the difference in terrain, soil and microclimate, it is necessary to pay attention to the tree species that are suitable for it.

In general, the pome fruit should be placed in a lot of fertilizer and water conditions, while walnuts, grapes, apricots, dates, etc., can be placed on the gravel and higher areas. In order to extend the period of supply in the mountains, it is also possible to plant the same kind of fruit trees at different heights so that there will be a maturity and an extension of the market supply period. On the southern slope, it is usually possible to plant a light stone fruit. It is more appropriate to plant apricot and peach in soils with less distributed gravel. In areas that are vulnerable to high winds, it is not suitable to plant pome fruits. Pears can be grown on sandy lands, grapes and apricots, sea buckthorn, etc. can be grown in saline soil.

In the allocation of fruit tree species and varieties, it should also consider the orchard organizational and economic factors. In the same cell, it is better to configure a fruit tree because their requirements for growth conditions are similar so that the same management can be used in a single cell. When cultivating several varieties in the same orchard, it is better to select the same varieties in mature period or varieties in mature period so as to facilitate the harvesting at the same time or in succession. The management is more convenient.

Orchards are also equipped with pollination trees. Many fruit trees, such as pears, apples, and plums, are self-contained. Even if they can be self-cultivated, the rate of results is low. Dioecious fruit trees must be equipped with male plants in the orchard to be strong. Some fruit trees, such as peaches and oranges, are self-pollinated, but if cross-pollinated, the yield can be significantly increased.

The closer to the main variety, the better the pollination effect. The distance between the pollinated tree species and the main varieties should not exceed 50-60 meters. There are many ways to dispose, when the square is planted, the center type is commonly used, that is, 8 main varieties of a pollination variety are planted around. In the large orchard, pollination trees should be planted in rows along the long side of the plot. The spacing of pollination trees should be 4-8 rows apart in pome fruits and 3-7 rows in stone fruits. In the sloping terraced land, a line of pollination varieties can be planted in rows of 3-4 rows along the terrace. Self-flowering varieties can also be equipped with pollination varieties.

Selection of pollination tree should pay attention to: It can bloom at the same time with the main varieties, and has a large number of pollen can produce high germination rate; At the same time with the main varieties into the fruiting period, and similar life expectancy, each year can be flowering; No major inbreeding infertility phenomenon , And can produce fruit with higher economic value; best with the main varieties can pollinate each other and the fruit mature period is compatible, or have converged.

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