Experts recently pointed out that for aquaculture, drugs (physical or chemical) to prevent and treat diseases are only temporary measures, and there is a problem of food safety in aquatic products. Ecological control is the fundamental solution to the problem. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the research on the characteristics of microbial communities and optimize the ecological structure of aquaculture waters so that a virtuous circle of aquaculture development can be achieved in order to achieve greater economic, social and ecological benefits. The long-term and reasonable application of beneficial microorganisms will surely create a good ecosystem for aquaculture waters and promote the healthy development of aquaculture activities. Beijing Huaxia Kangyuan Jinbao has always advocated the use of microorganisms to control water pollution. Next, we will introduce the role and characteristics of several kinds of valuable bacteria in aquatic products for everyone: Recommended reading: Eas Self Alarm Tag,Alarm Rf Tag,Anti Theft Security Tags,Tag Alarm Group WENZHOU BOSHINE ELECTRONIC SECURITY CO.,LTD , https://www.cnboshine.com
1. Photosynthetic bacteria: This is a class of prokaryotes capable of photosynthesis. At present, Rhodopseudomonas commonly used in aquaculture is characterized by the presence of photosynthetic pigments in bacteria, which can be used in anaerobic and light conditions. Under the photosynthesis, the use of sunlight to obtain energy, but does not produce oxygen. In aquaculture water, hydrogen sulfide or small molecule organic matter can be used as a hydrogen donor, and small molecule organic matter can also be used as a carbon source. Ammonium salt, amino acid, and the like can be utilized as a nitrogen source, and therefore it is applied to aquaculture water bodies. It can quickly eliminate harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide and organic acids, improve the water body, stabilize the water quality, and balance the pH of the water body. However, photosynthetic bacteria cannot be used for the decomposition of large-molecule organics such as baits, excrement, and plankton in aquatic organisms.
2, Bacillus: Gram-positive bacteria, is a class of aerobic bacteria. The bacteria are non-toxic and can secrete proteases and other enzymes and antibiotics. The main application in aquatic products is Bacillus subtilis, which is rod-shaped, with a width of 0.5-0.8 μm and a length of 1.6-4.0 μm. It uses spores to reproduce and the spores are located in the center of the bacteria. Due to the characteristics of spores propagation, the spores are high-temperature and dry. The chemical substances have a strong resistance, so it is very convenient for production, processing and preservation. After the Bacillus subtilis flora enters aquaculture water, it can secrete a rich extracellular enzyme system and timely degrade organic matter such as excretions, residual baits, plankton clumps and organic debris, etc., so that it can be mineralized into unicellular algae for growth. The nutritive salts prevent the accumulation of organic waste in the pool. At the same time effectively reduce the oxygen consumption of organic matter in the pond, indirectly increase the dissolved oxygen in the water, ensure the normal circulation of organic oxidation, ammoniation, nitrification and denitrification, maintain good water quality, and thus play a role in purifying water quality. In addition, Bacillus subtilis can produce a subtilisin that can inhibit or kill other microorganisms in the metabolic process. This kind of antibiotic is a kind of polypeptide substance that can reduce the proportion of Vibrio luminescens in the bottom sediment of the culture pond. Inhibit the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria in water.
3. Nitrifying bacteria: Nitrifying bacteria are bacteria that use ammonia or nitrite as their main survival energy and can use carbon dioxide as the main carbon source. They are chemolithoautotrophs, they are specialized aerobic, and they are mostly non-specific. model. Nitrifying bacteria can be divided into two major groups: nitrosating bacteria and nitrifying bacteria. Nitrifying bacteria are a kind of aerobic bacteria. They are one of the main bacteria that degrade ammonia and nitrite in water. There are two genera of nitrifying bacteria. One of them is to oxidize ammonia to nitrite to obtain energy. The other is to oxidize nitrite to nitrate to obtain energy. In case of high pH and temperature, The molecular ammonia and nitrite are more toxic to aquatic organisms, and nitrates are not toxic to aquatic organisms, thus achieving the effect of purifying water quality.
4. Yeast: It is an eukaryotic organism. Under aerobic conditions, the sugars (monosaccharides and disaccharides) dissolved in water by yeasts and organic acids are used as the carbon source needed by yeasts for the synthesis of new protoplasms. And the use of energy for yeast life activities, the decomposition of sugar can be completely oxidized to carbon dioxide and water. Under anoxic conditions, yeasts use carbohydrates (monosaccharides and disaccharides) as a carbon source to ferment and propagate yeast cells. Therefore, yeast can effectively decompose the sugars dissolved in the water in the pool, and rapidly reduce the amount of oxygen in the water. The yeast that grows in the pool can be used as feed protein for fish and shrimp.
5. Actinomycetes: Actinomycetes are the main producers of antibiotics. To date, about two-thirds or more of the known human and animal antibiotics have been produced by actinomycetes. Actinomycetes and photosynthetic bacteria combined with excellent effect, can be obtained from photosynthetic bacteria matrix, produce antibiotics and enzymes, direct inhibition and killing of pathogenic microorganisms, and can be obtained in advance matrix of harmful microorganisms proliferation, and promote the proliferation of beneficial microorganisms, It regulates the balance of microorganisms in the water; actinomycetes have a strong ability to degrade organic matter, and also have a good degradation effect on lignin, cellulose, chitin and other substances; actinomycetes can produce biological flocculants, The flocculant is used for bridging, solid-liquid separation, flocculation and sedimentation of some hard-to-degrade organic colloids in the aquaculture ponds, such as bridging, electrical neutralization, chemical reaction, roll sweeping, net catching, and adsorption. Suspended matter in the water body and the bottom of the water can also effectively improve the sedimentation performance of the bottom water pollutants, prevent the sludge from thawing, and play a role in improving the water quality and sediment quality.
6. Bdellovibrio: Vibrio anguillarum is a type of bacteria that is parasitized on certain bacteria and leads to its lysis. At present, the commonly used in China is the Aeromonas hydrophila Vibrio, which can be quickly lysed after sprinkling aquaculture water. The main condition of the water body, Aeromonas hydrophila, reduces the number of pathogenic microorganisms in the water, and can prevent or reduce the development and spread of fish, shrimp and crab diseases, and at the same time, it can remove ammonia nitrogen. It can improve the in vivo and in vitro environment of aquatic animals, promote growth and enhance immunity.
1. Beijing Air Force Base enjoys a good effect of using water conditioners for viewing lakes