Comprehensive prevention and control of vegetables and cucumber anthracnose

Symptom recognition

1. The incidence of seedling stage: Occurrence of oval brown lesions on the edge of the cotyledons, and black spots on the lesions. At high temperatures, the disease develops and the seedling growth points turn brown and wither.

2. Victims of leaves, stems, and fruits. Oily spots on the leaves were generated, expanded to irregular spots, black spots on the late lesions, pink mucus in the wet, and dried in the middle of the leaves. Petiole, stem and fruit victim produces yellow-brown spindle-shaped or round lesions on the top of the fruit, with a few sunken black spots. Fruits are susceptible to disease when they are nearly mature. When the humidity is high, the surface of the lesions overflows with red viscous material. The damaged tissue is half-soft rot, easily shrank, and the diseased part is parchment-like. Special tips on beans: Harmful pods, brown spots on the pods that resemble hot, round butts like cigarette butts.

Pathogen and pathogenesis

1. Pathogen timely transmission route: It is caused by melon anthrax, which is caused by fungus fungi. Mainly in the mycelium, with the sick plants in the fields through the winter, through the rain.

2. Onset conditions: fungal spore germination, 10 ~ 30 °C can be the disease, which appropriate temperature 22 ~ 27 °C, 8 °C below 30 °C or more to stop growing, humidity is an important factor in the induction of anthrax. The relative humidity is 87 to 98%, and the incubation period of 24°C requires only 3 days. If the relative humidity is lower than 54%, the disease cannot develop. In the early spring, plastic greenhouses have low temperature, high humidity, and water droplets on the leaves of the plants. The relative humidity of the air is always in an easy-to-fail condition for anthrax, and the disease is prevalent. The results of the analysis of the vegetables in our province are in the rainy season from the end of June to the end of August, and the temperature is more than 20-30°C, which is the period when anthrax is prone to develop.

Non-pollution prevention

1. Choose the hybrid generation of resistant and resistant varieties; foods are applied for more than 3 years and melons are cultivated for more than 6 years.

2. Breed sterile seedlings, sterilize on beds, cover with plastic film, and control the cultivation of greenhouses with a humidity of no more than 70%.

3. Low-toxicity agent control: After years of actual production comparison, the following pharmaceutical formulations for preventing anthrax from vegetables and melons were screened out: Economic implementation, using anti-virus powder Caibao, Guabao 50g + Cels 30g water 25 Kg, fully stir evenly after 3 pm (to avoid high temperature open, spray better in the evening) to spray the whole plant. Before the disease occurred in mid-June, preventive drugs should be taken and every 5 to 7 days. The melon begins by centering and spreading, playing 4 to 5 times to open the garden; the watermelon takes 6 to 8 times from seeing flowers to collecting melons; and the eggplant vegetables are played 3 to 4 times to basically control the diseases.

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