Cultivation Techniques of Rhododendron in Northern Region

Azalea is one of the famous ten famous flowers in China. It is known as “Flower in the West” and its variety is numerous, luxuriant and colourful. It is mainly distributed in the southwestern provinces of China, and is mainly divided into Maosong and Dong. There are four types of 鹃, Xia 鹃 and Xi ,, among which Xi 鹃 is the most beautiful flower in the cultivation type. In recent years, with the rise of the flower industry, Du Fu has also been cultivated in the northern regions. 1. Propagation Techniques 1 Cutting propagation is the most widely used method of azalea cultivation. Generally, it takes 5 to 8 months to cut strong, semi-lignified new shoots, about 5-8 cm in length, cut off the lower leaves, and keep the top leaves 2~. 3 pieces of cuttings, cuttings base preferably with indole butyric acid or ABT rooting powder solution dipping treatment, and then cutting in porous, humus-rich acidic soil, the temperature is maintained at 20-25 °C, shading and Frequent spray moisturizing to promote the germination of new roots; 2 twigs of twigs for rare species that are difficult to survive, such as Xiqiao, etc., first cut the twigs about 3 to 4 cm for scion, the base with a knife cut into a wedge, with hair The rootstock was used as a rootstock and was then twiged with tender twigs, then tied with a plastic film under a shade shed, and the scion and the rootstock were covered with a plastic bag to cover the moisturizer. 2. Fertilizer and water management The growth and development of rhododendron requires acid soil (soil pH value of 5.5 to 6.5 is appropriate). Since the northern soil is more alkaline, the basin soil must be mixed with humus of decomposed pine needles. The rhizome of the rhododendron must be fine, and the requirements for fertilizer concentration and water quality are strict. When fertilizing, it should follow the principle of timely, appropriate, and thin fertilizer. In order to promote the growth of branches and buds before flowering in spring, phosphate fertilizer can be applied once a month. After flowering, 1~2 nitrogen-phosphorus-based compound fertilizers were applied. From September to October, 1 or 2 times of phosphate fertilizer was applied during the buds. In the growing season and flowering period, fertilizer and water requirements are more, winter dormancy and summer growth are slow to control fertilizer and water to prevent rot. Azaleas prefer a moist and cool environment. The climate in the north is dry and watering and spraying should be done in time to maintain high air humidity. Watering plants should be treated with fertilizer and rain water. If using common water, small amounts of ferrous sulfate and vinegar should be added. It is also possible to cut watermelon or tomatoes into small pieces for good soil and flower quality. 3, pruning in order to accelerate the plant in full bloom, azalea often through the heart to promote new branches, for the flowers clustered, affecting flower shape can be prematurely sparse buds, so that not only make the flower color fresh, but also conducive to plant growth and flowering in the coming year. Rhododendrons have a strong germination force, and the branches seriously affect the growth and development of the plants and reduce their ornamental and commercial properties. Therefore, they need to be adjusted through pruning. Pruning is generally carried out in the spring after flowering and in autumn. Cut dead branches, oblique branches, leggy branches, and some cross branches to avoid nutrient depletion, so that the whole plant blooms and plump. 4. The flowering stage controls the azaleas to carry out flower bud differentiation in the autumn. Through refrigerating and heating, artificial flowering can be controlled. To make the rhododendron bloom in advance, move it to the greenhouse for cultivation, control the temperature at 20-25 °C, and often spray water on the branches and leaves, and maintain the relative humidity of more than 80%, so that it can bloom after one and a half months. To delay the flowering of the azaleas, the azaleas that form the flower buds can be kept at a low temperature, keeping the temperature at 2~4°C, watering when the plants are dry, and moving outside in the summer and autumn, and flowering after 2 weeks.

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