River indoor wintering technology

In recent years, the benefits of breeding rivers have been significant, but their overwintering problems have been plagued by farmers. Overwintering in the river refers to the safe passage of large-scale river-fish cultured ponds or adult fish that do not meet the specifications of the commodity. Now introduce the breeding river indoor wintering technology to farmers:
First, maintenance and disinfection facilities Most nursery rooms have been idle after spring and summer nursery work. Before wintering, the river should first check whether the facilities are in good condition, such as whether the pumps, valves, and inlet and outlet systems are open, whether there is water leakage in the pool, whether the doors, windows, glass and roof can be sealed, and whether to increase the insulation performance of the overwintering greenhouse. The entire influent system is then disinfected with 30 grams of blanched water per cubic meter. After 2 days, the bleach solution was let off, rinsed and then filled with water to prepare for wintering.
Second, preparations for the river into the wintering pool should not be too early or too late, will increase the management fees too early, too late, easy frostbite, and network operation and transportation are not convenient. According to experience, when the water temperature drops to 15°C~17°C, the net can be pulled into the pool. The river has self-destructive habits, so when entering the pool, it should be sorted and divided according to the specifications. The specifications of the rivers for wintering ponds should be as tidy as possible. The density of indoor stocking in rivers differs greatly depending on the conditions of overwintering and the size of fish. The pools with good water exchange conditions and supporting facilities can store 5 kg to 7 kg of rivers per cubic meter.
Third, daily management
1. When the feed is fed to the river and enters the pond, the water temperature still has feeding capacity at 15°C~17°C and should be fed regularly. At the beginning of the pool, they start to lure and make the river form a habit of feeding regularly. Feed the wet pellet feed and feed it now. The daily feed amount is 0.5% to 3% of the body weight of the river and it is fed once or twice a day. When the water temperature was below 12°C, the food intake of the river decreased significantly. When the water temperature is at 10°C, the river basically no longer feeds. At this time, it is necessary to stop feeding. When feeding, the river should be eaten as much as possible, and the bait should be fished out in time after the feeding to deteriorate the waterproof quality. A small amount of vitamin E and C can be added to the diet to prevent it from suffering from a nutritional disease.
2. Water Quality Management During high-density wintering, good water quality must be maintained, preferably with disinfected water. The water temperature is suitable, the river can still feed, need to feed, the pond should generally change the water, and should be continuously inflated; the water temperature is low, the river stops feeding, the water can be reduced to 10% to 30% of the pool water, intermittent inflation , Inflation for 30 minutes, stop for 30 minutes. Every night should be inflated to prevent dead fish due to lack of oxygen. The excrement, residual baits and water meter capsules and dirt in the pool should be cleared in time to prevent pollution of the water quality.
3. Fish disease prevention and control rivers have high indoor densities and are prone to diseases. Before the fish is introduced into the pool, a medicated bath is used to remove surface parasites and prevent infected individuals from infecting bacteria or water mold. During wintering period, prevention should be taken as the main method. Generally, every 10 days to 15 days, antibiotics are used for surface disinfection; it is also possible to continuously feed the baits containing antibiotics every 15 days to 20 days for 3 days. Disinfection in the body. For fish that have been sick, remove them in time and isolate them to prevent the spread of fish diseases.
4. Water temperature control During the wintering process of the river, changes in the water temperature and weather forecast should always be paid attention to. Before the onset of the cold wave, adequate preparation should be made to ensure that the temperature-raising equipment can be operated in time. When the indoor water temperature is lower than 12°C, warming measures should be taken to raise the water temperature to about 14°C and control the temperature constant.
5. Changing the water and changing the water in the inverted pool can reduce the amount of metabolic waste and bacteria in the water, so that the water environment can be improved. The inverted pool can periodically sterilize the fish pond, kill harmful organisms and parasites in the pond, improve the water environment of the pond, reduce the occurrence of fish diseases, and increase the survival rate of overwintering. The pool is usually poured once a month and the wintering pond is completely sterilized. The inverted pool is best to use adjacent pool, which can reduce the labor intensity, and suck the upper pool water into the disinfected pool by siphon method. Generally, the sewage is sucked once or twice a day, and feces, residual baits and other pollutants are sucked out of the pool to reduce water pollution. At the same time, changing water or replenishing water once a week, changing the amount of water is 1/5 to 1/4 of the pool water.
Fourth, reduce costs mainly consider the following points:
1. Reducing heat energy consumption The waste heat, power plant cooling water, geothermal water and other resources can be used to reduce the heat input of the breeding unit; the heat preservation measures should be strengthened to reduce the heat dissipation in the wintering pool, and control the temperature of the winter water at about 14°C.
2. Reduce the amount of electrical energy in the winter dissolved oxygen in the pool of 6 milligrams per liter, the river in the amount of dissolved oxygen is 3 mg per liter, it is still normal feeding and swimming, no signs of hypoxia. Therefore, the dissolved oxygen can be monitored and the proportion of the time for filling and degassing can be adjusted to save energy. Rivers can be oxygenated for 1 hour and stopped for 3 hours of intermittent air inflation during winter.
3. Reduce the amount of seawater and salt brine The amount of salt is below 20. After the fish species adapts to the wintering environment, the salinity can be reduced by about 5 at a time, and combined with water exchange, gradually changing to fresh water, which can reduce the amount of seawater and salt brine and extend the period of changing the pool.
4. Improving the survival rate During the wintering period, drug prevention treatment should be conducted once a month to strengthen the prevention and treatment of fish diseases, and diseased fish should be promptly removed for isolation and treatment. In terms of temperature, salinity, water quality and dissolved oxygen, create an environment that adapts to the wintering of the river, reducing its incidence or death.
The indoor wintering of rivers is not constrained by regional and climatic conditions, and it is an overwintering method suitable for both north and south. In places where conditions can be used, cooling water from power plants, waste heat from factories, caves, tunnels, etc. can be used to overwinter and winterization can be achieved.

Health Food

Traditional Chinese Medicine

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