Buckwheat cultivation uses these improved methods to maintain high yields

Buckwheat is a nutritious and multi-health grain. The current demand for quinoa is increasing. Therefore, farmers who grow buckwheat need to improve traditional farming methods in order to produce high yields of buckwheat.

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One change: shallow ploughing for fine soil preparation

Buckwheat is not suitable for continuous cropping. It is suitable for planting on sandy soil with good fertility, convenient drainage and irrigation, easy cultivation and pre-being as beans and roots. In the alkaline soil, buckwheat grows poorly. Before planting, the shallow ploughing of the slab should be changed to fine soil preparation, which enhances the permeability of the soil and creates favorable conditions for the growth of buckwheat.

Second change: broadcast as broadcast or on demand

Spring buckwheat should be sown in late March, and autumn buckwheat should be sown in mid-August and late August. In the alpine region, the sowing date should be properly advanced, and efforts should be made to harvest before frost to ensure that it is not affected by frost. Varieties with high yield, high quality, moderate growth period and strong resistance, such as buckwheat, red safflower buckwheat, local bitter and Inner Mongolia sweet glutinous rice. The sowing method should be changed to broadcast or on-demand, which can greatly improve the emergence rate, and the roots grow well and the lodging resistance is enhanced. The seeding amount per acre of field is 2 to 3 kg, and the basic seedlings are guaranteed to be about 80,000. After planting, it should be planted in time. It can be mixed with glutinous grains, fire ash and farmyard fertilizer to cover the seedlings to protect the seedlings.

Three reforms: no fertilization for scientific fertilization

Some farmers grow buckwheat mostly after harvesting peanuts, soybeans, flue-cured tobacco, etc., and planting them slightly, and they do not apply bottom fertilizer or small top dressing. The yield of buckwheat so produced is very low. In order to capture the high yield and yield of buckwheat, it is necessary to do the fat foot, the seedling early, the flower bud fertilizer in time, apply the base fertilizer, apply the top dressing early, and apply the phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. On the basis of the application of base fertilizer and seed fertilizer, buckwheat can be combined with the first and second intermediate tillage to apply quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer and superphosphate. When buckwheat is just blooming, it can be topdressed with phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and trace element fertilizer. Due to the weak lodging resistance of buckwheat, nitrogen fertilizer should be controlled. Generally, 5-6 kg of urea per acre, 10-12 kg of potassium chloride, 14-16 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate, the proportion of fertilization is 50% of base fertilizer and 30% of seedling fertilizer. Flower buds are 20% fat. The base fertilizer can be applied twice in the preparation of the ground and the cover seed. The seedling fertilizer should be applied in the 5-6 leaf stage, and the flower bud fertilizer should be applied in the early stage of the flower bud formation.

Four reforms: natural pollination for artificial aided pollination

Buckwheat genus often pollination crops, the amount of pollen is insufficient, the rate of self-pollination and fertilization is not high, and artificial-assisted pollination is needed to improve the seed setting rate. Artificial pollination is generally carried out during the flowering period. At about 10:00 am on the sunny day, the powder is manually washed with nylon rope for 1 or 2 times for 4 to 5 days, which can increase the seed setting rate by about 20%.

In addition to the above four improved prevention and control, it is necessary to strengthen field management to ensure high yield of buckwheat.

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