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First, the bananas before storage before storage and preservation before the bananas are collected, then quality selection, off-axis cutting and disinfection and anti-corrosion treatment work on the storage of fresh effect.
(a) timely recovery without injury
1, determine the maturity of the method to determine the maturity of banana fruit to determine the fullness of the flesh.
The change of the angle of the mangosteen shuttle is the most reliable and easy method. It is customary to use the fruit of the middle of the ear, and the angle of the bird's spine is obviously higher than 70%. When the fruit body is nearly full, it is 70% fullness. The fruit body is complete, but the shuttle can still be seen. It is 80% full; if the body is full, it is 90% full.
2 The maturity of banana fruit can be determined by the number of days after budding. In summer and autumn, the fullness of 7-80% after 70-80 days after budding, and 140-150 days in winter and spring, and the degree of maturity of the fruit is determined by visual inspection of plumpness. Fullness).
2, timely harvest according to the use of bananas to grasp the use. After harvesting and storing the banana fruit, the fullness of 7~80% is appropriate; near sales and local sales, it is appropriate to harvest more than 80% of plump fruit. In addition, when harvesting, the entire ear of plantain will be cut and harvested by squaring the harvested banana, that is, cutting the fruit axis without cutting the fruit axis. Only the sacred banana with fullness meets the requirements will be cut, and the rest will be allowed to grow for a period of time until the acquisition is completed. When the standard is adopted again, it is beneficial to grasp the timely harvest and improve the quality of the fruit.
3, non-injury harvest for storage and export of banana fruit, the most fearful of pressure, impact and friction, a slight weight and collision will damage the fruit, reduce quality, affect the color, but also reduce the value of goods. Therefore, it is best when two bananas are harvested for collaborative operations. The fruit axis is about 20 cm long for easy handling. Don't throw or throw the harvested ear, place it in a cool place, and place banana leaf or film cloth on the ground.
4, the quality of selection, to the axis off comb, quality selection is mainly to identify the degree of mechanical operation and whether the fruit of serious pests and diseases, there should be removed, these fruits are easy to produce large amounts of ethylene, promote early maturation, will rot due to poor disinfection, Black spots will appear in the fruits that are injured after ripening. At the same time, other fruits such as tail combs should also be removed. Packing should be done gently and carefully to prevent damage and ensure quality.
When the banana fruit is combed, a half-moon special combing comb is used for the combing, which is fast and good. Generally, the fruit handle is 2 to 3 centimeters in length. The knife edge should be leveled to avoid banana injury and the condition can be combed in the pool. Selling bananas is generally not with shafts, because:
1 banana axis water content, susceptible to disease and rot.
2 Easy to pack, store, and transport off-axis comb bananas, saving packaging and transportation costs.
However, near-sales or short-distance transport is to use bananas (whole ears), because the bananas have small wounds and the area of ​​disease is small.
(2) The bananas harvested after anti-corrosion and fresh-keeping treatment are sorted according to the size and maturity of the fruits after quality selection. The size and maturity of the fruits used for storage and preservation are basically the same, and then dressing, rinsing and drug soaking are performed.
1. Trimming: Before rinsing, use a half-moon cutter to carefully trim the cuts of the pedicle handle and recut to prevent the original incisions from bringing pathogens and affect the storage effect. The trimmed incision should be smooth and smooth, and no sharp corners and fiber whiskers should be left behind to prevent the sharp angles of the banana fruit and bacteria from entering the fibers during storage and transportation.
2. Rinsing: After trimming, you should immediately put the sacred banana in 0.1-0.2% alum or clean water to rinse, clean the bananas and then dry.
3. Drug soaking: The main disease of banana during storage and transportation is shaft rot, and liquid medicine treatment is an important measure to prevent shaft rot. The rind dried and dried saccharin was soaked with a 1000-2000-fold thiophanate-methyl or carbendazim solution or with an 500-molar solution of Imezazole for 30 seconds. About 1% sucrose ester can be added to the liquid, which is better. The liquid medicine is filled with large tanks (pools), ready for use, and the new liquid medicine is replaced in 48 hours. The combs rinsed with alum water are not to be soaked in liquid medicine, and the comb stems are cut to draw the liquid medicine. .
The fruit juice soaked in the above-mentioned liquid medicine can maintain 2 to 3 weeks without mildew in the summer and no mildew in 1 to 2 months in the winter. Drug treatment should be timely, preferably on the day of fruit picking the day, at the latest after more than 2 days. Treatment of the day is the most significant.
Pubei County Fruits Company in our district has preserved mixed fresh liquids from Preservative No. 1 and Preserved No. 2 from the rot and preserved bananas, and achieved good results. The static storage period is about 90 days, and the good fruit rate is 95%. The fruit quality is better than that of the original banana fruit. It is an ideal method for preservation and preservation at present.
specific methods:
1 liquid preparation: according to the seasons that the temperature level to prepare the liquid concentration, summer 8 to 10 due to higher temperatures, there is a fresh 110 ml and preservation of fresh 200 ml, plus 50 kg of clean water preparation. Winter temperatures Lower, with preservation 1 80 ml and preservation 2nd 140 ml, plus 50 kg of clean water.
2 Scalp treatment is the same as other drug treatments.
The storage and preservation technology of banana
The implementation of the banana storage and preservation technology includes the following aspects: banana pre-harvest storage and storage and preservation methods.