Straw cover is more conducive to the growth of corn

Plastic mulch, biodegradable film, crop stalks, and liquid membranes. In China's drought-flooded areas, it is better to use one of the above four kinds of materials to cover planting. A few days ago, a study conducted by the Institute of Water Saving Cultivation of the Arid Water-saving Agriculture Research Institute of the Northwest A&F University, “The effects of different material-covered soil water temperature and its influence on the growth of corn” introduced the above four kinds of different materials covering cultivation. The differences demonstrated by corn have successfully proved that straw mulching is more conducive to the growth of drought-fed corn, which is beneficial to the sustainable development of agriculture in drought-stricken areas of Weibei, Shaanxi.

China is a country with a relatively large area of ​​drought. Irrigated farmland without irrigation conditions accounts for more than 50% of the total cultivated land. Therefore, how to produce dryland farmland and how to increase the productivity of dryland agriculture are particularly urgent and important. In recent years, scientists in our country have discovered through research that farmland cover can improve the microclimate of farmland, protect soil structure, resist wind erosion, preserve water, regulate soil temperature, inhibit the growth of weeds, etc. . However, how to use plastic mulch film, biodegradable film, crop straw and liquid film to cover farmland depends on the specific site conditions.

Han Qingfang, a master tutor of the Northwest A&F University Agricultural College who participated in the study, said that farmland ground cover can effectively reduce the ineffective evaporation of soil moisture and increase crop water use efficiency in the northern dry farming areas where there is little rainfall. The current production and application of covering materials mainly include plastic film, biodegradable film, crop straw, liquid film and so on. In this study, a randomized block experiment was conducted using four types of biodegradable membranes, plastic mulch, corn stalks, and liquid membranes commonly used in different regions to cover planted corn. Bare ground was used as a control, and soil moisture, temperature, and corn growth index dynamics were used. Measurements were performed to quantitatively evaluate the difference in soil water temperature and corn growth caused by different materials.

Han Qingfang said that the results of the pilot study showed that in the drought-flooded areas of Weibei, Shaanxi, biodegradable membranes, plastic mulches and liquid membranes covering the planting of maize all promoted the yield and improved the water use efficiency. The average temperature of 5-25 cm in maize vegetative growth stage increased by 1.4. °C, 2.6 °C, and 0.8 °C lower. Straw mulching resulted in a reduction in corn yield and a reduction in water use efficiency. The chilling effect of vegetative growth stage was 5 to 25 cm (average ground temperature decreased by 3.0°C). The four kinds of cover treatments all reduce the economic coefficient of corn to different extents. During the whole growth period of corn, the average soil moisture content of straw covering 0 to 200 cm was higher than that of bare land, plastic film cover, biodegradable film and liquid film covering, and the effect of growth and conservation of corn was strengthened with the growth of the corn. In the 0-100 cm soil layer, it is mainly expressed in the 100-200 cm soil layer in the later stage, which can provide a good bottom soil for the post-planting crop. The protective effect of biodegradable membranes and plastic mulch membranes is mainly reflected in shallow soils in the vegetative growth stage of corn. Both the biodegradable membrane and the plastic mulching covered the corn growth period by 11 days in advance. By extending the period from the big bell mouth to the tasselling phase, the vegetative growth time was prolonged and the reproductive growth time was relatively shortened. Straw mulching planted corn to extend the whole growth period by 3 days, liquid film covering corn planting does not affect the reproductive process. Comprehensive yield and long-term soil moisture environment effects, drought and stubble mulching and corn planting technology in Weibei have feasibility and application value.

Relevant experts believe that this research is of great significance and strong feasibility. From the perspective of uniqueness, the study has determined the suitable cover materials for sustainable agricultural production in the Weibei arid area, and will formulate agricultural production for the local government and related agricultural technical departments in northern Shaanxi. Policies and technical implementation programs provide important references. Once they are successfully promoted, they will be conducive to the improvement of local crop yields and the sustainable development of agriculture. It is reported that this research is still being further improved.

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