South Autumn Soybean Cultivation Technology

The south of the Huaihe River and the Qinling Mountains belong to the southern soybean region and can be sowed in spring, summer and autumn. However, in southern China, such as southern Jiangsu, Sichuan, Fujian, Yunnan and other places with abundant rainfall and abundant calories, generally after the rice is harvested, a season of soybean is planted in autumn and winter, but the conditions such as climate, soil and agricultural machinery are different. Major varieties and cultivation patterns also vary. High-yielding cultivation techniques of autumn soybean in South China: Autumn soybean is commonly known as “turning autumn beans”, that is, the spring soybean varieties are planted in the autumn, which can overcome the shortcomings of spring soybeans due to rain and cold weather in early spring in southern China, and increase the multiple cropping index. Improving soils. In addition, autumn planting soybeans generally have a shorter growth period than the same species of spring planting beans, early harvest and early harvest, alleviating the labor and animal strength of autumn harvest winter crops. Higher yields and stable yields. 1. Jiangsu Autumn soybean production and cultivation techniques (1) selection of improved varieties. Good soybean varieties with good yield, good quality, and strong stress resistance should be selected. The varieties currently planted are mostly high-quality local varieties. It should be noted that soybean planting is regionally strong and blind planting will lead to failure without trial planting. (2) timely broadcast. Generally, sowing is appropriate on July 15th to 25th, and it must not exceed August 15th at the latest. Otherwise, it will be difficult to achieve high yield because the nutrition growth is too short. (3) Planting methods and specifications. There are two ways to grow autumn soybeans: First, in order to grab the season, after the early rice harvest, the seeds are sown immediately on the side of the lotus root; second, the early rice is ploughed immediately after harvest and then planted in a trench. The ploughs are generally hoeed, 2 meters wide, 3 meters apart, and 0.33 meters apart. 2 to 3 seeds per hole, with a density of 2.575 to 30,000 per acre. (4) Rational fertilization. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be added, and topdressing nitrogen fertilizer and trace fertilizer should be applied. 25 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer per acre mixed with 500 kg of mixed fertilizer for cover seed fertilizer; early flowering season, depending on the seedling situation, 5 kg of urea per acre, 2% of superphosphate calcium clarifier in the pod stage with 40-mu per acre. 50 kg, 0.05% dilution of ammonium molybdate, 30 to 40 kg per mu, both sprayed on the foliage, or sprayed on the foliage with 0.1% borax solution to improve grain plumpness. (5) Field management. When the seedlings are experiencing high temperatures, watering should be done first. If water shortage occurs after sowing, it is necessary to infuse horse water in the evening. Timely check seedlings, fill seedlings, prevent seedlings. Timely cultivating and weeding, weeding and weeding are usually 2 to 3 times, and earthing is also required. The prevention of pests and diseases, soybean seedling stage is mainly aphid damage, flowering, scab phase is mainly Spodoptera litura, soybean meal harm, as soon as possible spraying control. When soybeans grow too luxuriantly, they can be sprayed with paclobutrazol to control their growth. (6) Harvest. Timely harvesting to avoid over-ripening, shredding, and affecting yield. 2. Sichuan high-yielding cultivation techniques for autumn soybeans The Sichuan Basin can plant autumn soybeans in the freezer mouth after harvesting early, mid-season, and wheat crops, making full use of natural resources such as light, temperature, and land; and achieving high yield and high efficiency. (1) Choose a thoroughbred. Soybeans were selected for early maturing, high yield, and resistant varieties such as Gongdou No. 5. The rice must be harvested before August 20, and ditch the water in the milk ripening period. (2) timely sowing, reasonable close planting. Sowing is appropriate around August 10th, and no later than August 20th. After rice harvest, the rice is not plowed, and it is opened with a 110 cm line and the width of the car is 84 cm. A hatch with a depth of 26 cm and a groove of 16 cm and a depth of 26 cm is planted on the car surface. Seeds with 3 to 4 seeds per seedling, 6 to 7 kilograms per mu, seedlings and seedlings in time after emergence, 2 to 3 seedlings per litter, more than 30,000 seedlings per mu. (3) Formula fertilization. Former promotion: To form vegetative vegetative bodies as soon as possible during seedling stage, fertilize with phosphorus and potash fertilizers, and combine inorganic and organic fertilizers. Apply 30 kg of calcium phosphate, 5 kg of potassium sulfate, 150 kg of plant ash, and 1,000 kg of fine slag fertilizer per acre. After emergence, 2 to 4 kg of urea was used to remove the faecal water once. Zhongbao: In the flowering stage, the use of potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.10 ~ 0.15 kg per acre and boron, molybdenum 0.05 ~ 0.10 kg, watered 40 ~ 50 kg of root dressing, in order to facilitate the protection of flowers, Paul. (4) timely harvest. The whole growth period of the fall soybean is from 75 to 80 days. Generally, from late October to early November, the stems and leaves of the plants turn yellow, and more than 20% of the leaves naturally fall off, and the pods turn brown when harvested.

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