High temperature weather management techniques for different crops How to manage water and fertilizer in high temperature and dry weather

High temperature weather management techniques for different crops How to manage water and fertilizer in high temperature and dry weather

chili

In the hot season, the pepper should be combined with irrigation to apply balanced compound fertilizer per acre for 1 or 2 times, and 10 kg per acre. After the weather turns cold, the pepper enters the vigorous fruiting stage, and the plant needs to increase the amount of fertilizer. Before the end of October, it should be topdressed 2 to 3 times, and each time 20 kg of high-potassium compound fertilizer is applied per mu, which encourages the plant to grow vigorously and increase the yield and quality of the pepper. . Due to the large amount of water evaporation in the summer pepper plants, in addition to the normal fertilization of the roots, the foliar fertilizer is sprayed irregularly depending on the growth.

During the fruiting period and after each harvest, spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution or 1% calcium perphosphate leaching solution or 1% to 2% potassium nitrate solution, spray once every 7 to 10 days, co-spray 2 to 3 times, can increase the weight of a single fruit, making the fruit color gorgeous.

In case of high temperature, the water should be irrigated in time to keep the soil moist. When filling the water, we must master the principle of “one shallow, two urgent, three cool”, that is, shallow irrigation is not ridiculous; emergency irrigation is urgent, there is no clear water in the field; when the cool water is cool and cool, the water is poured, usually at 0 o'clock in the morning to early morning. The best irrigation before.

In addition, the use of straw, wheat straw and other crop straw to cover the kneading surface can not only reduce the ground temperature, but also reduce the evaporation of water, which can play a role of retaining moisture and prolonging the growth period. In case of high temperature and rainy weather, it is necessary to clear the ditch in time to make the rain stop the field.

High temperature weather management techniques for different crops How to manage water and fertilizer in high temperature and dry weather

eggplant

Eggplant requires a large amount of nitrogen, but it should not be applied too much during the hot season. The application of ammonia fertilizer should not be combined with irrigation, because high temperature will not only cause ammonia to volatilize, but also cause ammonia poisoning of eggplant. It is recommended to apply ditching and burying the soil after topdressing with a thickness of not less than 5 cm.

In the hot season, eggplant fertilization should be “less meals”. Urea should be controlled within 30 kg per mu. Because the high temperature will accelerate the conversion of urea into the soil, the excess will be lost after meeting the needs of the plant.

Especially in sandy soils, the proportion of loss will be even greater. The amount of ammonium bicarbonate applied per mu per mu is preferably not more than 40 kg. Excessive application rate will cause ammonia loss in eggplant leaves and fruits, in addition to nutrient loss. The high temperature season is also the fruit-bearing period of eggplant. It is recommended to apply 2 times of ternary compound fertilizer, and each time the acre is no less than 40 kg, to meet the needs of eggplant growth and sitting.

When the soil moisture is insufficient, the plant will grow slowly and cause the flowers to fall. Therefore, in the hot season, the roots should be poured in the roots to make the roots grow rapidly. It should be re-irrigated once in the early harvest period to promote the rapid expansion of the fruit. In the middle growth stage, the soil can be kept moist.

High temperature weather management techniques for different crops How to manage water and fertilizer in high temperature and dry weather

cucumber

The high temperature season is also the result of cucumber, and the plants need more nitrogen and potassium. After the first time, the melon should be topdressed once, and 20 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer per acre. After entering the harvesting period, you can ditch in the middle of the sputum, apply 15 kg of potassium sulphate compound fertilizer per acre, and cover the soil after application.

In the later stage, combined with spraying, root dressing can be carried out, such as spraying trace element fertilizer such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate or magnesium sulfate or 1% urea solution to promote cucumber growth. The amount of topdressing with strong plant growth should be appropriately reduced. If the growth of plants is weak, the amount of fertilizer application and the number of top dressing should be increased.

In the hot weather in summer, cucumbers need to be slightly seeded to prevent the melons from growing. At this time, the water evaporates quickly, and the seedling time should not be too long. It is necessary to timely water according to the growth of the melon and the soil moisture. The second cultivating was carried out before harvesting the root melon, which was 2 cm deep. After entering the melon period, watering should be done, watering should be done in the evening or in the morning, it is not appropriate to water at noon. On sunny days, small waters are poured; even if the weather is cloudy, it is necessary to water the sunscreen in a timely manner; even in the rain or heavy rain, it is necessary to drain and prevent flooding; after hot rain, it is necessary to timely drain the water to dissipate heat.

High temperature weather management techniques for different crops How to manage water and fertilizer in high temperature and dry weather

Small rapeseed

Small rapeseed is a cool crop. The summer temperature is high. At this time, the small rapeseed planted is usually carried out by live broadcast method, and the planting density is increased. The amount of seed per acre is about 250 grams. Before planting in summer, the base fertilizer should be applied, and 1500 kg of farmer's fertilizer should be applied per mu, and the commonly used flatfish should be changed to sorghum, that is, on the basis of the original flat raft, a width of 30 cm and a depth of 20 cm should be made between 畦 and 畦. The drainage ditch can be used for dry irrigation and rafting.

Within 1 month of live broadcast, it is still hot weather. Generally, after 15 days of live seedling age, the top dressing starts, and the topdressing is performed once every 6 to 7 days, and the whole stage is topdressed 3 to 4 times. For the first and second times, the thinner fertilizer water can be used. Afterwards, 30-40 kg of compound fertilizer is applied or applied per acre, and the last one should be carried out before the plant is sealed.

The roots of small rapeseed are shallowly distributed and consume a lot of water, so they are not drought-tolerant and require sufficient water throughout the growing season. If the sun is strong, it is necessary to keep watering 3 times a day, that is, showering in the morning and evening and drenching in the afternoon at noon to cool down and ensure the normal growth of the plants. In the rainy season, you should pay attention to drainage, and avoid water in the area to prevent disease.

High temperature weather management techniques for different crops How to manage water and fertilizer in high temperature and dry weather

Loofah

Loofah is a kind of warm and heat-resistant vegetables. It should be planted in loam or clay loam with high content of organic matter, high organic matter and water and fertilizer retention. In the hot season, the loofah is in the stage of the melon. To prevent the high temperature from causing the melon, the vine should be supported in time to maintain the good permeability of the scaffold.

At this time, the loofah has higher fertilization requirements. Generally, it is combined with watering to apply melon fertilizer. It can be used to ditch deep-rooted peanut cake, bean cake and other organic fertilizers, and then with ternary compound fertilizer such as urea, phosphate fertilizer and potassium sulfate. Fertilization should adhere to the principle of “eat less and eat more meals”. The application rate depends on the condition of the seedlings. If the growth is strong, it can be applied less; if the growth is weak, 4-6 kg of compound fertilizer leachate can be applied every 15 days or so.

In the hot season, the loofah should be irrigated, usually watered once every 3 to 4 days, soaking water in the morning and evening to keep the soil moist. In high temperature weather, although the plants need water, they should not accumulate water. When filling the water, they should be irrigated and not flooded. Especially in rainy days, more attention should be paid to drainage to prevent flooding.

High temperature weather management techniques for different crops How to manage water and fertilizer in high temperature and dry weather

tomato

The high temperature season is the tomato fruiting period, when the temperature is high and the plant transpiration is large. Therefore, the number of watering and the amount of water should be increased, and the water can be poured once every 4 to 5 days; the water should be evenly distributed, and should not be wet or dry to prevent cracking.

At this time, 20 kg of ternary compound fertilizer should be applied to the mu. When the first ear fruit is fully developed, 30 yuan of ternary compound fertilizer should be applied to the mu, and then the fertilization of the eggplant seedlings should be applied as appropriate. After harvesting the first ear fruits, 10 to 15 kilograms of potassium sulfate may be applied per acre after the rain, or watering after fertilization to ensure normal expansion and coloration of the fruit. At this time, foliar fertilizer such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate should also be applied in time.

High temperature is easy to cause leaf burns, resulting in serious chlorophyll fading. At this time, water can be sprayed to cool down, especially when the temperature is higher than 35 ° C for 4 hours in a row, it is necessary to take a sunshade net to cool down in time. If the temperature is high, it should be watered in time to keep the water content in the field between 60% and 70%. If the temperature is high, it should be drained in time to control the soil water content below 80%.

At the moment, it is worth three days, from the south to the north, the high temperature, always "baked" to check the vegetables in the field. At this time, if it is not properly managed, it will cause the plants to shrink, and the heavy ones will cause burns and rotten roots. If the vegetables are reduced, the vegetables may be reduced or even rejected. Today, this edition invites experts to take six kinds of common vegetables such as pepper, eggplant, cucumber, small rapeseed, loofah and tomato as examples to explain how to carry out fertilizer management in high temperature summer.

This article URL: Different crops, high temperature weather management skills, high temperature and dry weather, how to manage water and fertilizer

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