Osmanthus brown spot, Osmanthus osmanthus leaf spot and Osmanthus fragrans anthracnose are the common leaf diseases of sweet-scented osmanthus. These diseases can cause early defoliation of sweet-scented osmanthus, weaken the plant growth potential, and reduce the flower production and ornamental value of sweet-scented osmanthus. Osmanthus Brown Spot At the early stage of disease, chlorotic yellow spots appear on the leaves, gradually expanding into near-circular lesions, with a diameter of 2 to 10 mm, or irregular lesions due to lesions extending from the veins. The lesions are yellow-brown to gray-brown with a yellow halo surrounding the lesion. Brown spot generally occurs from April to October, and old leaves are more susceptible than young leaves. Pathogens use hyphae to overwinter on diseased leaves, and conidia are produced in the spring of the following year for initial infection. Conidia are transmitted by airflow and raindrops. Osmanthus leaf spot The pathogenic bacteria of the disease mostly invade from the leaf margins and leaf tips and occur at the leaf margins and tip of the leaves. At the early stage of disease, light brown dots appear on the leaves, gradually expanding into round or irregular shaped lesions, and then expanding into a nearly round or irregular large gray-brown spot with dark brown edges. Freckles occur from July to November and can occur throughout the year in sheds with poor environmental conditions. The germs were infested with conidia by wind and water. High temperature, high humidity, and poorly ventilated environment are conducive to disease. When the plant growth is debilitating and after the winter, the old leaves and the lower leaves of the plant are more severe. Osmanthus anthracnose The disease infected osmanthus leaves. At the early stage of disease, small spots of chlorosis appear on the leaves, gradually expanding to form round, semi-circular or oval lesions. The lesions are light brown to gray-white with reddish-brown edges. In wet conditions, pale pink viscous spore discs appear on the lesions. Anthrax occurs from April to June. The pathogens passed through the contaminated discs in the diseased litter and were spread by wind and rain. Prevention First, reduce the source of infection. Completely remove diseased leaves in autumn. Potted osmanthus must be removed in time. Second, strengthen the cultivation and management. Choose fertile, well-drained soil or substrate for planting osmanthus; increase application of organic fertilizer and potash fertilizer; planting density should be suitable for ventilation and light transmission, reduce the humidity of the leaf surface to reduce the occurrence of diseases. Scientific use of chemical control. At the beginning of the disease, Bordeaux's solution is sprayed 1:2:200 times. After that, it can be sprayed with 50% carbendazim WP 1000 times solution or 50% Benzol WP 1000 to 1500 times solution. Severe wards should be soaked and disinfected with 1000-fold potassium permanganate solution when nursery stocks are planted. Osmanthus seedling cultivation technology Osmanthus fragrans generally used cutting seedlings, osmanthus single use dry sowing seedlings, are introduced as follows: 1. Osmanthus fragrans can be cultivated from September to October, and the fruits ripen from late March to late April. When the fruit enters mature stage, the skin can be collected when it turns from green to purple. The collected fruits were piled for about 3 days. After the peels were softened, they were soaked in water, peeled and peeled, and net seeds were obtained. The wet sand was lightly dried. Because the sweet-scented osmanthus seeds have a ripening period, germination is generally required after 8 months of germination. 2, commonly used seedling seedling cultivation method. Sowing seedlings can obtain a large number of sweet-scented osmanthus seedlings, which are suitable as street trees. Seeding is usually used for wide sowing, spacing 20 to 25 centimeters, width 10 to 12 centimeters, sowing 20 kilograms per acre, real estate osmanthus seedlings per mu 2.5 to 30,000. Before sowing, the umbilicus should be faced to one side, covered with a centimeter of fine soil, then covered with a thin layer of straw, and sprayed with water to soak the soil to prevent soil compaction and reduce water evaporation. When the seed germinates and releases the soil, the grass is immediately removed and the grass is placed between the rows, which can keep the soil moist and prevent the growth of weeds. 3, maintenance technology (1) Weeding and weeding. Focus on loosening and weeding within a 1m diameter tree disk centered on the trunk. After irrigating or raining, cultivating loose soil to prevent soil compaction. (2) Watering and drainage. The watering of osmanthus is mainly in the one month after the new planting and the summer of the planting year. Newly planted osmanthus must be irrigated, and conditionally deal with the crown spray of the plant to maintain a certain air humidity. Osmanthus fragrans is not tolerant to pods, timely draining or transplanting plants that have been damaged, and adding a certain amount of sand for planting can promote new root growth. (3) Rational fertilization. Fertilization should be based on the principles of thin-fertilizer application and quick-acting nitrogen fertilizers. Medium and large seedlings should be fertilized three or four times a year. Organic fertilizer is applied to the tree tray during the early spring to promote the growth of spring shoots. In the early winter period, inorganic fertilizer or waste miscellaneous fertilizer is required. During this period, fertilizer can be applied once or twice depending on the growth of osmanthus. Newly transplanted sweet-scented osmanthus should not be too early to top-dress. The basal fertilizer for transplant pits should be mixed well with the soil and then covered with soil. (4) Shaping. 1 Peeling: When sprouting, use the buds in the lower part of the trunk to peel off. 2 Thinning: Maintaining a certain height under the branches, cut off the useless branches, the osmanthus branch after the general production is about 1.5 meters high. 3 Short cut: Cut off the top branches of the leggy, so that the osmanthus height is maintained at about 3.5 meters and the crown is 2.5 to 3 meters.
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