Symptoms: The lesions on the bulbs are round or irregular in shape and are brown to black. The hazards are shallow to deep. The lesions are easily peeled off. The center of the bulbs is mostly brown soft wood rot. The infested leaves, initially with tiny verticules or round spots, then rapidly expand along the veins, appearing elliptical, yellow-brown, with light reddish-brown edges, yellowish greenish halos, and a central layer of black mold. . Common concentric ring patterns on old lesions. The leaflets growing from the bulbs usually have a curled, twisted apex. After stems and sheaths are infested, oval brown spots are produced, the edges are sag, the lesions are rapidly enlarged, and the tissues turn black. The water spots in the early stages of the flowers appear as small spots and then expand into irregular round to oval lesions. . It is yellow-brown at first, then turns black. Control measures: 1. Bulb treatment before planting: Remove concentrated clusters of diseased bulbs; select healthy bulbs to be sowed before sterilization; use benzene to 1000 times; immerse bulbs for 10-185 minutes, or use 50% thiram for wettability Diluted powder 66 times to dip bulbs. 2. Rotation: Infested nursery plots should be planted for more than 3 years to eliminate or reduce the viable pathogens in the soil. 3, pay attention to nursery health: During the onset, pay attention to the discovery of severely damaged plants removed in a timely manner, and the destruction of diseased plant debris. 4. Control of pesticides: 80% mancozeb WP can be sprayed with 600 times liquid to protect the leaves and flowers of Gladiolus hybridus and the areas and years where the disease is endemic.
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