How to conserve small tractors in winter

In winter, the working conditions of tractors deteriorate and must be carefully maintained and used scientifically. Servicing and maintaining wintertime, maintenance and repair of small tractors is one of the important measures to prevent them from malfunctioning. Thoroughly overhaul, replace the damaged parts, such as cylinder liners, pistons, etc.; adjust the items to be adjusted, such as valve clearance, injection pressure, etc.; thoroughly wash the cleaning, such as air, diesel, machine filtration To achieve a good standard for the technical condition of the tractor, ie no oil leakage, no water leakage, no air leakage; complete and complete components, correct adjustment, good lubrication; engine output power, fuel consumption and rotational speed comply with regulatory requirements; No abnormal noise; The engine is easy to start, the speed is sensitive, the speed is stable; The exhaust pipe exhausts normally, no oil, carbon particles; The water temperature, oil temperature, and oil pressure are within the normal range at full load; clutch, variable speed Box, steering, brake and other institutions function normally; all friction parts of the movement without overheating; electrical equipment, normal work, no leakage, do not hit iron; attachments, hydraulic system, reliable, flexible operation without exception. Winter tire pressure should be about 5% higher than summer, to avoid excessive rolling resistance during driving and increase fuel consumption. The following four points should be taken into account when using and maintaining the storage battery: First, use high-concentration electrolyte in winter, and replace it in time after winter; second, avoid continuous and frequent start-up. Pay special attention to starting the engine, each time not exceeding 5 seconds, twice The interval should be more than half a minute. The number of starts cannot exceed three times. If there is a fault in the engine, it should be started after troubleshooting, and the battery power cannot be used up. Third, the battery should be removed, wipe clean, keep its external clean and air flow, placed in a ventilated and dry room, charge once every 15 days or so. It is forbidden to store the battery in outdoor exposure or rain for a long period of time. Fourthly, check the height of the electrolyte surface frequently and keep it within the specified value range. As long as the electrolyte level is not reduced due to leakage, just add distilled water to adjust the height of the liquid level. Do not add electrolyte because only distilled water evaporates. Adjusting the selection of oil specifications: Lubricants used in tractors include diesel and gear oils. Ordinary diesel engine oils are classified into four grades: No.20, No.30, No.40 and No.50. Diesel engines generally use No.20 diesel engine oil in winter and No.40 diesel engine oil in summer. The gear oil has a high viscosity and is suitable for the lubrication of tractor gearboxes and gears. Commonly used tractor gear oils are HL-20 (20), HL-30 (30) two brands. Among them, "H" stands for lubricating oil and "L" stands for gear, which is represented by the first letter of the Chinese Pinyin for "slide" and "round." Tractor gear oil should be selected according to the ambient temperature. The general requirement for the freezing point of gear oil is 6~10°C lower than the use environment. The tractor user is reminded here that it is forbidden to use oil instead of gear oil, or to mix diesel oil and kerosene in the gear oil so as not to lower its viscosity, weaken the lubrication performance, and accelerate gear wear. When replacing the oil, clean the oil filter, the filter, and the oil pan thoroughly to remove dirt and impurities. The selection of diesel (fuel): The correct choice of diesel should be used according to the local temperature. There are six types of common light diesel oil: +20, +10, 0, -10, -20, and -35. The number indicates the freezing point. For example, +10 indicates that the freezing point of diesel is 10°C, and 0 indicates that the freezing point of diesel is -10°C. When a diesel engine is selected for a diesel engine, its freezing point should be lower than the local temperature of 5 to 10°C. For example, when the minimum temperature in winter is between 0 and -5°C, choose -10 diesel; the lowest temperature is -10 to -15°C, choose -20 diesel, if there is no 20 light diesel, use 10 and 35 light diesel Mixed use effect is also good. The minimum temperature is not lower than -30°C, choose -35 diesel; the lowest temperature in the high-cold area around -40°C, choose -50 diesel. When the temperature is below 0°C, when the temperature is below 0°C, the cooling water in the engine should be drained when parking at night and when the engine is parked for a long time; at the same time, the water can not leave the person when the water is discharged to prevent the drain valve from being blocked due to impurities. Due to the abnormal expansion of water, the body cracked. It should also be noted that if the water temperature is high, you should wait for the water temperature to drop below 60°C and then release water, otherwise it will easily cause damage to the body or cylinder head. When you get out of the car, you should warm up the water to start it. In general, most of the frozen bodies occur in the early days of winter and spring, and in the weather with sudden changes in temperature, they should be highly valued by the operators. Attention to insulation When the engine temperature is lower than 60 degrees, it will aggravate the wear of the parts, mainly in the wear of the cylinder liner, so winter should pay attention to the insulation of the tractor. The specific method is: Do not park the tractor outside in the winter night, should be parked in the library, and in the door installed insulation curtain; cold areas, the production of engine insulation sets, additional insulation measures; appropriate fan belt to reduce the fan speed Burning water appliances, anti-skid chains, etc. should be fully prepared, equipped with winter and summer transfer switch engine, the switch to the "winter" position; according to the engine water temperature in a timely manner to adjust the height of the tank insulation curtain or shutter opening angle. Start to warm winter tractor before starting with 80 °C hot water to increase the engine temperature, and open the drain switch, when about 40 °C hot water flow out, then add boiling water to start; when the temperature is particularly cold, after the engine oil is shut down Before starting, warm up to 40-50°C and then add the oil pan; Never start the ignition by using ignition, dragging, sliding slope, open fire baking car, adding water after starting the car, loosening the injection pressure, etc.; 15 minutes, until the water temperature reaches 40 °C can start above, the water temperature can reach 60 °C to load operation. Talking about hygienic winter tractors are often used as the power machine for feed processing. Because the dirt is flying everywhere during the processing of feed, in order to prevent the dirt from entering the tank core and pipes and affecting the cooling effect, a layer of iron yarn should be wrapped in the front of the radiator radiator and on the water tank mouth. Net or nylon gauze. In addition, a fire extinguishing cover must be installed on the exhaust pipe to prevent the exhaust pipe from discharging Mars and cause a fire. Careful driving in the snow on the road up the car, pay attention to non-slip, the tractor should use a deeper pattern of tires, the necessary fashion snow chains, the speed is slow, do not rush to the steering wheel, see obstacles early braking. Pay attention to safety when driving a car and try to avoid overtaking.

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