Good management of winter mushroom production

After the winter, the harvesting period of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivated in autumn has not ended, but it is often constrained by the natural climate, and the amount of mushroom and the growth rate have declined compared with the temperature suitable period. In particular, when it comes to winter drought, low temperature plus low humidity, if improperly managed, it will lead to the appearance of dead mushrooms, and it will be difficult to continue differentiation and malformation mushrooms after the formation of primordia.
First, scientific water When the temperature is lower than 5 °C, relative humidity below 70%, the metabolic function of mycelium will be significantly reduced, the growth rate of fruiting bodies will also be significantly reduced. At this time, the matrix material moisture content of the culture material should be controlled within 60%, and the amount of water sprayed on the bed surface should be reduced accordingly. The key should be to increase the relative humidity of the air, so that the relative humidity of the mushroom shed or mushroom house can reach 85%. ~ 90%. The slower growth of the mushroom body in the humidity will not only prolong its growth cycle but also reduce its yield. In addition, the quality of the mushroom body when dried is also poor. When the temperature is high every day, water can be sprayed into the space, the ground, the wall, etc. to increase the humidity in the mushroom shed or mushroom house.
Second, the double-film covering in the outdoor small greenhouse cultivation, such as the encounter low temperature cold tide, strong wind cooling weather, mushroom bed double-layer film covering the warming effect is good. Plastic canopies can be placed on small sheds where conditions permit. Without conditions, thick grass canopies can be placed on small sheds and covered with a thin film on grass rakes. It has been proved that the temperature of the mushroom bed covered with the double-layer film is 3°C-5°C higher than that of the single-layer film, which can significantly accelerate the growth rate of the mushroom body and increase the yield of the mushroom.
Third, supplement nutrient After harvesting the first oyster mushroom, the nutrient and water content of the culture material will be significantly reduced, and the re-growth mushroom body will appear to have thin cover, fine stalk, single cultivar, small bundle, light color, and cracking of the mushroom body. Phenomenon, which is directly related to the lack of nutrients and moisture in the material and the degraded nutrient capacity of mycelium. When the winter temperature is low, 3% of soybean milk slurry, 10% of Taomi Shui, and 0.5% of urea solution can be added to the culture medium in combination with supplementary water to adjust the ratio of carbon to nitrogen of the culture material and enhance the activity of the mycelium. , To achieve the purpose of improving production and quality.
Fourth, reasonable ventilation In the cold winter, mycelium and fruiting bodies did not stop growing, still undergo metabolism, so do not ignore the mushroom shed or mushroom house ventilation and ventilation work. Every day should be combined with water spray or mushroom ventilation when ventilation, the mushroom shed or mushroom house carbon dioxide content to a minimum, to ensure that the mushroom shed fresh air, daily ventilation at high temperatures for 1 to 2 hours.
V. Raw material coverage In winter, the winter temperatures in the northern regions are mostly several degrees or even ten or more degrees. The winter management in these regions should be after the autumn mushrooms are finished and the culture materials are in a relatively dry state. The exhaust gas in the material, and appropriate nutrients and adjust the pH of the culture material, and then cover the film on the material surface 10 to 15 cm thick layer of soil or 20 cm thick clean grass layer, in order to facilitate insulation, prevent material surface ice And frostbite mycelium. Indoor cultivation should be kept at room temperature about 5 °C until the spring temperature rises after the cover is opened and then normal management.

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