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Using the Boer goats to avoid weaknesses
In recent years, in order to speed up the development of mutton sheep production, most of the provinces and regions in China have introduced meat breeds of boer goats and conducted pure breeding and crossbreeding and improvement work, which has effectively promoted the raising of goats in China. However, Boer goats also produced more blind spots and misunderstandings after they were introduced into China. Some enterprises and breeding sheep farms use their eager psychology of pleasing farmers, artificially frying seeds, and when selling sheep, there is no grade, no standard, and arbitrary pricing. Individual speculators sold the first-, second-, and third-generation sheep as purebred sheep to farmers, affecting the promotion and application of purebred Boer goats. In order to pursue the characteristics of the head of the hybrid offspring brown, sagging ears, the majority of sheep farmers adopt a single method of progressive hybridization, and even do not hesitate to use oyster sauce and other unlawful means to injure the people. In this regard, we should maintain a clear-headed, scientific and rational use of Boer goats systematically and systematically. 1 Correct understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of Boer goats Boer goats have the advantages of large size, rapid growth, and high slaughter rate, which are unmatched by most goat breeds in China. However, it is not perfect. In addition to hair color, ear genetic instability, the biggest drawback is poor reproductive performance, mainly as sexual maturity late, strong seasonal heat, performance is not obvious. Most local goats are estrus in 1 year and 4 seasons. When the estrus occurs, they are screaming, waving, and disturbed. Sexual maturity can be reached within 3 to 4 months of age, and the ram has a strong libido. A ram can breed 3 to 4 ewes each day. The Boer goats, sexually mature age of 5 to 6 months of age, more than 70% of the estrus concentrated in the fall, when the estrus is not barking, only the tail, vaginal flow of mucus; ram libido is poor, 1 ram per day Can be equipped with 1 to 2 ewes. About 70% of the Boer goats cross 1st generation goats are not barking, and about 90% of the hybrid generation 2 goats are not barking. This is a potentially fatal potential shortcoming for the vast majority of farmers in rural areas. From the perspective of growth rate, purebred Boer goats have a large initial weight, but the growth is not fast at the early stage and is relatively fast after 6 months of age, which is extremely unfavorable for lamb fattening. 2 Adoption of scientific methods Since the purebred Boer goats and ewes are expensive, most sheep farms and agro-products use the method of progressive hybridization to obtain cheap sheep, which is to realize the localization of Boer goats and accelerate the wave. The promotion speed of goats is necessary, but since most of them only focus on the genetic performance of coat color and ear type, and neglect the two key indicators of weight gain speed and meat production performance, it should be said that it is extremely unscientific. Practice has proved that using the Boer goat as a male parent and the local goat as a female parent, the majority of hybrid offspring produced in the primary birth weight, weaning weight, and daily gain during breast-feeding have achieved good results, but using the progressive hybridization method. The production performance of the high-generation hybrid sheep is lower than that of the first-generation hybrids, and the disease resistance and stress resistance are also significantly worse. In response to this phenomenon, the scientific method is to use advanced breeding techniques to cultivate a new breed of meat goats suitable for the local environment, and to focus on economic hybrids in order to obtain the most mutton production and the best economic benefits. The breeding of new varieties should be undertaken by research institutes and large-scale sheep farms. Most agricultural productions should be based on economic hybrids, and the main products are inexpensive commercial sheep. If blindly hybridized, it will be counterproductive and mislead the hybrid improvement work. 3 Creating good conditions Due to the cold winter and lack of pasture, the northern provinces and regions in China have poor feeding conditions in some areas. Boer goats belong to meat goat breeds and require relatively high forage and feed. Therefore, in cold regions and areas with poor feeding conditions, caution should be taken when introducing goats. Feed should be prepared and a warm shed should be established to prevent growth. Dysplasia. 4 Strengthening the protection of local breeds China is the country with the most abundant goat breed resources in the world. Over the past decades, through the careful selection and hard work of scientific and technological workers, we have cultivated nearly 40 goat breeds with excellent quality and distinctive characteristics, such as Liaoning Cashmere Goat, Laoshan Dairy Goat, Tangshan Dairy Goat, Nanjiang Huangyang, and Yellow. Huai Goat, Yangtze River Delta White Goat, and Matou Goat are all good breeds. The Boer goats are only suitable for the improvement of some of the species that produce mainly meat and have poor production performance. They cannot blindly cross without purpose so as to avoid the loss of precious germplasm resources in our hands. Before carrying out crossbreeding and improvement, the local breeds should be delineated as protected areas and core groups should be established. After repeated arguments, they can be implemented. 5 Strengthening Management of Rams Many sheep owners mistakenly believe that their heads are brown, their ears are large and drooping is the Boer goats, and they ignore the main signs of the Boer goats' flat back, four limbs, and strong muscles. As a result, most of the hybrid offspring in the market are used to shoddy and disguise. It disrupted the breeding stock market and infringed the interests of farmers. Therefore, the animal husbandry administrative departments in various parts of the country should do a good job in the registration of breeding rams in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Regulations for the Management of Breeding of Livestock and Poultry issued by the State Council and the Measures for the Implementation of Regulations for the Management of Breeding of Livestock and Poultry issued by the Ministry of Agriculture. The rams issued a "special license for breeding livestock and poultry" to allow the masses to identify them. The purebred Boer goats must also be graded, graded, and reasonably priced, and must be eliminated from the sheep that have poor genetic performance.