Onion and cotton are interplanting, which is a new cultivation mode after the large-scale planting of purple star onion in the south of Minnan. Because Zixing Onion has five major advantages: stable high yield, superior color, attractive commodity, safe storage, and wide adaptability, it has become the central and southern regions of Hebei, and even the northern regions of northern China in recent years. The preferred variety for onion cultivation. This species and cotton intercropping are strikingly complementary. Their complementarity is very strong. The symbiosis period is more than one month. The economic benefits are doubled than that of single cotton, and the net income per 667m2 is about 1,000 yuan. As a result, in the south of Anhui Province, a large seller market of purple star onion intercropping with cotton, which is represented by Feixiang County, has been formed, and onion heads are selling well. This form has become a new way for farmers in the cotton region to increase production and income, and it also provides good lessons for the adjustment of the current agricultural crop structure. For the reader, the intercropping cultivation techniques are described below. First, onion cultivation techniques (a) Variety Selection The Zixing Onion Variety bred by Handan Vegetable Research Institute is appropriate. (B) nursery 1. Select soil loose, easy to water and drainage of the fertile and not heavy vegetable garden as a nursery plot. Apply 10 kg/m2 of rotten organic fertilizer. Do not use chemical fertilizers. After loosening and leveling, a flattened rice seedling of 1m in width and 10m in length was prepared. 2. Sowing period: The late Sept. to late September is suitable for the sowing period. Other regions can refer to the local traditional onion safe sowing time. 3. Seeding period: Planting 667m2 arable land requires 500g. Nursery pods are broadcast every 10m. 2. Sowing period: The late Sept. to late September is suitable for the sowing period. Other regions can refer to the local traditional onion safe sowing time. 3. Seeding capacity: Planting 667m2 arable land requires 500g. Nursery pods sow 50g seeds every 10m2. Strictly prevent multicasting, resulting in dense seedlings and weak seedlings. 4. Seeding method: In order to ensure that the seedlings grow quickly and homogeneously, the wet sowing method is the best. Use a fine sieve to screen soil and prepare a cover soil. Then in the whole nursery pot, pour in enough water. After the water seepage, spread seeds evenly on the surface and cover it with 1cm thick cover soil. 5. Watering the seedlings: After 4-5d sowing, see the surface dry, you must pour the second water, the first 8-9 days when the buds must be exposed, you must pour a small amount of water again, 10d can be out of Qimiao. 6. Seedling management: pour a small water every 7-10d, timely weeding. Miao dense place feasible seedlings, seedlings from 3-4cm. When underground pests are harmful, appropriate amounts of pesticides should be used to treat them with watering. Diseases occur, but also timely prevention and treatment. Seedlings grow about 30d, can apply a small amount of urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate. The criteria for strong seedlings are: the weight per plant before planting is 6-8g, the pseudostem is about 0.9cm thick, the leaf bundle is about 30cm high, 3-4 true leaves, and the leaves are dark green. (3) Colonization 1. Time of colonization: In late-late October to early November in the central-Southern part of the province, the rest of the area can be determined by reference to the appropriate local colonization time. 2. Preparation for Planting: Choose the plot where the cotton planted in the second year is to be planted. The former crop is the land of the great autumn crop. Onion, garlic, leek mouthwash should not be. Apply 4,000-5000kg of organic fertilizer per 667m2. (Tuscan fertilizer, straw fertilizer, and ring fertilizer can be used) or fermented chicken manure can also be used as organic fertilizer, applying 1000kg per 667m2. In addition, 100 kg of phosphate fertilizer, 50 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, and 30 kg of potassium sulfate (without using potassium chloride) were applied per 667 m2. After the fertilization is completed, the plots shall be deep plowed, finely chopped and smoothed. 3. Do watering: Determine the direction of the earthworms according to the condition of the land and whether it is convenient or not to make the earthworms that are 2m wide and 15-20m long. Do what you want to do is to be consistent, uniform, consistent, and consistent with standards, which is conducive to lamination, punching, and planting. The width is 40cm wide, and the width is 160cm wide. The width is reserved for the cotton line. Once you've done your job, you can water it by leveling it. Watering time depends on the coating time. The film shall be no more than 15h every other day. Watering in the morning and filming in the afternoon are appropriate. 4. Spraying herbicides: After all the infiltration of water in the bowl is completed, spray the soil when the soil is wet. Do not spray first, water afterwards, or spray water when there is no water in the field. Choose the type of herbicide suitable for onion use, and use 33% herbicide to pass 100ml per 667m2. For herbicide-free field, weed herb film can be used to control weeds. 5. Cover: Onion cultivation with cotton must be covered. Use a 90cm wide plastic film, 2 pieces per sheet. As the ground is wet, it must be covered with a laminator (where the cotton is grown, there is usually a laminator, which can be self-made). When the film is coated on the side, the person pushes behind the laminator. After covering one side, then on the other side of the membrane. The distance between the two films is about 10cm. This interval serves as a sowing line for cotton. A good piece of wet mulching film is: close to the ground, covering the prison, the film is not easy to break, the wind is not easy to blow dry blow. When laminating, check whether the pressure on both sides of the membrane is firm, pressure is not strong, and artificial auxiliary pressure is kept firmly. 6-7kg for every 667m2, 9-10kg for herbicide film. 6. Punch and colonize: First prepare seedlings. When raising the seedlings, shake the soil from the roots of the seedlings. According to the size of seedlings. Eliminating the base of the false stem with less than 0.4cm in the thickness of the weak seedlings and a level greater than 1.2cm, were planted separately. The roots were 1-1.5cm before planting and the rest were cut off. Pre-perforation before colonization. A film can be planted on 5 lines. Set 10 rows per plant. When planting, the left hand takes a seedling, the right hand takes a seedling into the hole, and then pushes with the thumb on the seedling stem, sealing the orifice. (D) Overwintering wintering water is the key to good or bad onion growth in the coming year. The land on which the onion is to be planted must be poured once before the soil is frozen. It must not be covered by the mulching film. In addition, in the winter, it is often necessary to look at the planting sites, cover the membranes that have been blown by the wind, and break them in time to prevent the wind from blowing, blowing, and blowing. (5) Field management after wintering 1. Watering and fertilizing: At the end of February and early March, the leaves begin to turn green and grow, and water once. In April, it entered the peak of leaf growth and was watered more than 20 days apart. When watering, topdressing urea 10-15kg and potassium sulfate 5kg every 667m2. In May, the bulbs entered an inflated period. To keep the ground moist, watering was stopped 7 days before onion harvest. The pseudostem becomes soft and the plants fall into normal harvest. 2. Pest control: The above-ground pests are mainly onion thrips, which generally begin to occur in large quantities in May. They can be sprayed with 50% dimethoate EC, 50% phoxim EC, and 50% malathion EC 1000 times respectively. . Underground pests are mainly mantle. When poured back to Qingshui, 50% sulfuric acid EC may be used to control with water application. (3911 pesticides are disabled). The main diseases are gray mold and downy mildew. From mid-April onwards, use 50% chlorhexidine WP 600 times; 76% gray mold WP 500 times; 48% Botrytis 500 times; 50% carbendazim 500X; % Nongliling WP 1000 times solution. To improve the control effect. The above several pesticides should be alternately used for rotation. Continuous prevention and treatment 2-4 times, spraying the ground should also be sprayed, try to stop the channels of infection. (6) The onion harvested in the central and southern regions of Yunnan Province can be harvested after May 20th. The harvest period lasts 10-15d. At this point, the market demand is onion. The timely harvest provided space for the smooth growth of cotton. Second, cotton cultivation techniques (a) Variety selection of insect-resistant cotton 33B, 99B varieties. Seedling emergence rate must meet the requirements of the second-class national standard. (2) The sowing time is April 25th for proper planting time. 1. Seed dosage: Desilt of light seeds, 1kg for every 667m2, 1.5kg with cashmere seed. 2. Seeding method: dry seed sowing, method one, first in the middle of the cocoon and cocoon with a small cocoon ditch, ditch about 5cm deep, and then point by point 20-25cm seed, 2 per hole, bud rate Low can increase 1 grain. Method two, with a spatula or spade hole by 20-25cm, dig pits on both sides of the raft and the middle side of the side of the seed, then cover the soil. 3. After sowing management: After sowing 7d or so, the basic cotton out of Qimiao, if the emergence of poor squeaking, can be quickly poured in the emergence of water to help emergence seedlings. 2-3 leaves when planting. The time is around mid-May. Choose one healthy seed per hole. The management focus after planting is to treat cotton aphid. Nettle pesticides can be used once to cure them, and they work well. Second, we must pay attention to the hazards of red spiders and tigers. In early June, the onions had all been harvested and the fields had to be cultivated twice. The future is the conventional management of cotton. 3. Economic Benefit Analysis of Intercropping between Purple Star Onion and Cotton According to a follow-up survey carried out by the Institute during the past few years, the planting input cost per 667m2 of purple star onion was between 300-350 yuan, and the production of water, fertilizer, mulch, seed, etc. was about 5000kg, and 70% of the onion was about 8cm in diameter. , The appearance is oblate and beautiful, bright purple, in the same kind of products, very competitive. The average output value per 667m2 is between 1500-1800 yuan, and the high can reach over 2500 yuan. Because the unique health care function of onion itself is recognized by people, it is also resistant to storability, can be provided for the anniversary, and the export prospect is also very good. Therefore, the greater the scale of planting, the easier it will become industrialization, and the market is not yet saturated. Intercropping cotton does not produce high yields of cottonseed cotton, and medium-fertility plots produce more than 200kg per 667m2 of crops. The grade of cotton is comparable to monocropping cotton, and the output value is about 800-1000 yuan. Because of the net income between the two for a quarter of onion, only this, every 667m2 pure income more than 1,000 yuan. The result of high efficiency is the important reason why this cultivation method can be widely promoted in the cotton area. Surgical Gloves Disposable,Disposable Sterile Gloves,Disposable Surgical Gloves,Disposable Surgical Gloves Price Ningbo Autrends Prevention Products Co., Ltd , https://www.autrendsafety.com