Measures and Methods to Improve Sow Productivity (I)
The purpose of raising the sow's productivity is to provide more, more robust piglets a year. Adopting effective measures to shorten the interval between sow lactation and sow weaning to re-breeding, and raising the number of litters born to sows and the survival rate of piglets can achieve the goal of increasing the productivity of sows in each year, thereby improving the raising of the mothers. The economic benefits of pigs and even the overall pig production. one. Increased number of live births (I) Intensive immunization In swine production, swine fever, pseudorabies, parvovirus, Japanese encephalitis, reproductive and respiratory syndrome, etc. may cause sow reproductive disorders to varying degrees, resulting in live births The number decreased or even failed to reproduce. How to reduce the occurrence of these epidemics, to minimize the loss, to develop a good immunization program according to local conditions, in order to effectively immunization before mating, raise the sow's immunity, reduce the incidence of stillbirths, weak ones. (2) The practice of breeding fine varieties has proven that the local breed and the hybrid (land miscellaneous, good miscellaneous) pigs have the genetic characteristics of litter size. Selecting good local breeds and hybrid pigs as breeding pigs can increase the number of live piglets born. (III) Scientific Feeding and Management 1. Create a suitable external environmental conditions: First, diligent disinfection, reduce environmental pathogenic microorganisms. The second is suitable temperature, cool in winter and cool in summer, avoiding high temperature stress. The third is ventilation. Fourth, the bar house is dry, clean and hygienic. The fifth is to provide clean drinking fresh water. The sixth is to do a good job of rodent control, mosquito control and fly control. 2. Provide balanced feeds and feed scientifically. Feeds are formulated according to feeding standards to meet the needs of nutrients such as protein, energy, vitamins and minerals. The feed is fresh and must not be fed with deteriorating, mildewed, frozen and toxic and irritating feeds. Scientific feeding is used to see what is feeding and maintain a healthy constitution. 3. Improve sperm vitality. Boar moderate exercise, moderate breeding intensity, maintaining a healthy physique, vigorous energy and sexual desire can maintain excellent semen quality, good sperm vitality, and high conception rate. 4. Timely breeding, improve the conception rate. Completion of the estrus identification of sows and timely breeding are the key and guarantee for improving the conception rate and the number of litters. The estrus identification of sows was based on a combination of external observations, pressure backs, and boars. When the sow's vaginal mucous membrane changes from dark red to light (pink) red, the vulva swelling begins to subside and fine wrinkles begin to emerge. A slightly viscous liquid flows out of the sow, and the boar crosses or presses against the back to show a stay (static) reaction: Sows often show erection of two ears, two hind legs digging, standing still, frequent urination, tail up or side movement, this time is suitable for breeding period. Breeding methods commonly used in production are: gilts have a dull reaction in the morning, in the afternoon and in the morning every two days (infusion) species; after production of sows, there is a dull reaction in the morning, the next day, the afternoon, species breeding Once in the afternoon, there was a reaction in the afternoon and one in the afternoon of the second day and one in the morning of the third day. 5. Reduce embryonic death. During the pregnancy of the sow, that is, the combination of egg and sperm, embryo implantation, fetal development to delivery, the embryo has three death peaks: one is the early stage of zygote attachment, ie, 9 to 13 days of fertilization; the other is the embryonic organ formation period. That is, about three weeks after pregnancy; third is the placenta ceases to grow, and the fetus grows rapidly, that is, 60 to 70 days of the second trimester. In particular, the period of embryonic organ formation is the period with the highest number of embryo deaths and is reported to account for 30-40% of embryonic deaths. In order to reduce embryonic disability, we must strengthen sow care, keep the environment relatively quiet, suitable for humidity, prevent overcrowding and falling, and strictly prohibit whipping. In the first month after mating, we must limit the amount of feeding, and the energy should not be too high. 6. Do a midwifery midwifery work. One week prior to the sow's farrowing, all preparations for confinement, clean and disinfected obstetrics, piglet incubators, surgical scissors, cotton wool, towels, disinfectant, medicine, etc. Sow calves were on duty, midwifery, piglets produced by the towel dry, broken umbilical (disinfection), cutting teeth, broken tail, if found dead piglets in time for rescue, dystocia timely treatment. Tillers completed the injection of oxytocin 20 ~ 30 ml, first to promote the discharge of uterine contents such as fetal clothing, the second is to accelerate the recovery of the uterus, the third is to promote breast milk. Can also be injected with antibiotics, anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory, laying the foundation for the whole pig pigs live. two. Improve the survival rate of piglets and weaning weight (a) do a good job of milk food, a good birth off 1. Eat enough colostrum to improve resistance to disease. Because colostrum contains immune antibodies, each piglet, especially the weak piglet, is artificially assisted in the consumption of colostrum. It is particularly important within 24 hours after birth because the small intestinal mucosa of piglets has the ability to absorb immunoglobulin within 24 hours after birth. 2. Fix the nipple. The sow's breasts have no milk pool, and the first few pairs of breast milk are more, and the piglets have the habit of fixing the nipples. According to this characteristic, the piglet is artificially fixed on the piglet according to its size and strength. Weak, low-weight piglets are placed on the top 2 pairs of nipples to feed milk, and body-strength, individual-sized piglets are placed on the back of 2 pairs of nipples to feed milk, and continuous artificial assistance can be fixed in 2 to 3 days to ensure that each All piglets can eat colostrum, and they are all living and strong. 3. Insulation, antifreeze, anti-pressure. Newborn piglets have poor subcutaneous fat, are thin hair, poor body temperature regulation, and poor mobility. Insulation is the key to preventing piglets from freezing, diarrhea and improving survival. Piglets born 1-3 days of age have poor activity and care should be taken to prevent the sows from squeezing the piglets. 4. Eliminate good poison. Keep the udder and perineum of the sow clean, wipe with a towel with disinfectant before milking, and eat milk to prevent the disease from entering the mouth. 5. Iron and selenium supplements. When piglets are born, they have about 50 milligrams of iron stored in the body, 1 milligram of iron per liter of breastmilk, piglets need 7 milligrams of iron per day, and iron must be added to meet the fast growing needs of the piglets. If the supply is insufficient, it will result in poor growth and iron deficiency. Anemia, diarrhea. The piglets were given 150 mg of iron within three days of birth, 1 ml of 0.1% sodium selenite VE, and 200 mg of iron supplementation at 10 days of age.