Key Cultivation Techniques for Comprehensive Planting of Bailing Mushroom and Pleurotus eryngii
According to the similar biological characteristics of Pleurotus nebrodensis and Pleurotus eryngii, we carried out cooperative research with the cooperation units of the suburban counties in Beijing and summarized the key cultivation techniques common to Pleurotus eryngii and Pleurotus eryngii, summarized as follows. First, use excellent strains. The strains of Pleurotus eryngii and Pleurotus eryngii differ in their yield and quality. The Bailing Mushroom No. 10, Bailing Mushroom No. 12, and Pleurotus eryngii No. 9 and Pleurotus eryngii No. 13 produced by the Planting and Circulation Institute of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences have good potential for high yield and excellent quality, and can be selected for promotion in production. Second, choose an excellent seed production formula to improve the viability of bacteria. For the first grade of both bacteria, the formula with wheat bran as the main component (50g of wheat bran, 20g of glucose, 5g of peptone, 20g of agar, 1000ml of water) can be selected, and the first grade of the species grown with this formula has the best growth status. The 2nd and 3rd grades can be used as the main ingredients of the cottonseed husk. This formula works well. Its formula composition is: cottonseed hull 80%, wheat bran 18%, gypsum 1%, sucrose 1% (feed water ratio is 1:1.2). Third, the use of an excellent culture formula. The formula of culture materials with 80% cotton seed hull, 18% wheat bran, 1% gypsum, and 1% sucrose (about 1:1.2 feed water ratio) has the highest yield performance. To reduce the production cost, use culture materials of 70% cotton seed hull, 7% corn cob, 10% sawdust, 5% wheat bran, 5% corn flour, 1% gypsum, and 2% lime (about 1:1.2 feed water ratio). Formulations also have good effects on mycelial growth and yield-enhancing effects. Fourth, a reasonable arrangement of the cultivation season. The cultivation season of Pleurotus eryngii and Pleurotus eryngii is very important, especially for natural greenhouse mushroom houses that cannot control the temperature. Most greenhouse mushroom houses in Beijing's suburbs can be arranged from October to March of the following year. Among them, the production of mushroom bags that were moved into the mushroom house in December and the following January was the highest. According to this, the mushroom bag used for fruiting should be produced in August and the bag culture period from late August to October. On this basis, the time for making and culturing the strains at various levels was determined. Generally, one species was transferred in May, the original species was inoculated in June, and the cultivated species were inoculated in July. Fifth, the production of culture bags and culture. Cultivation bags generally use polypropylene bags or high-density polyethylene bags, specifications for 17cm33cm0.05cm. 0.4-0.5kg per bag of dry material, sealed with a plastic collar to increase ventilation. Culture materials should be thoroughly sterilized, autoclave 2h or normal pressure sterilization for more than 15h. After inoculation, the cells were cultured under aeration, light and dry conditions, and the temperature was maintained at 20-23°C. Pleurotus nebrodensis is generally cultured for 35-45 days. Most cultivation bags can be covered with mycelium. Pleurotus eryngii cultivation bag can usually be covered with hyphae for 30-40 days. Sixth, prompted to complete the maturity period. Only after the ripening period of the Bailing mushroom bag will be able to mushroom. After the bag full of Pleurotus gingivalis hyphae, it should be cultured at 20-22°C for about 30 days. When the small primordium begins to appear on the surface of the bag surface or side wall, it means that the hyphae have reached a physiological maturity. Pleurotus eryngii does not have the problem of ripening period, and the fungus bags full of mycelium can produce mushrooms. Seven, low temperature stimulation treatment. Pleurotus eryngii bag physiological conditions mature after low temperature stimulation is conducive to mushroom, at 0-5 °C low temperature conditions for 7d, stimulate mushrooming. Pleurotus eryngii does not require after-ripening, and it can be treated in this low temperature condition for 3 days. Eight, mushroom house period management. After the low-temperature treatment of bacteria bags, promptly moved into the mushroom house to create a suitable conditions for mushrooming. The temperature of the mushroom room is maintained at 13-15°C, the relative humidity of the air is 85%-90%, ventilation is appropriate, and some scattered light (500-1500 lx) is given. In this condition, the Bailing mushroom can emerge in about 1 month. Mushrooms, mushroom mushroom bag into the mushroom room after about 10d can be the first tide mushroom. Nine, bag soaked or covered with soil treatment. Out of the first tidal mushroom bag, soak 24h remove, continue to raise bacteria, about 20-30d out of two tide mushroom. After the bag is unpacked, the soil is planted or planted on the yard wall. About two months later, two tidal mushrooms can also be produced. Pleurotus eryngii can produce two tidal mushrooms, and Pleurotus eryngii can produce three tidal mushrooms. X. Pest control. Take the principle of prevention and comprehensive prevention and control.