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1, do the earthwork. Peanuts are deep-rooted crops, suitable for soil depth more than 30cm, good drainage and irrigation conditions, soil organic matter is not less than 0.5% and loose sandy soil. In the hilly areas, moderately fertile sandy land with a slope of less than 10 degrees or planted in the middle ground should be selected. Before sowing, the land is plowed, the soil blocks are crushed, the soil is leveled, and ditching is done. The width is 1.2 to 1.4 m, and the width of the ditch is 25 cm.
2, choose a good seed. Fresh peanuts should be selected for medium and small fruit varieties with early ripening, high quality, and concentrated results. Suitable for planting in our province are Xiaojingsheng, Dahongpao, Yuhua 10, Yuhua 15, Yuhua 9327 and other peanut varieties.
3, soaking germination. Peanut soaking seeds after sowing, is conducive to broadcast a full seedlings, to prevent the lack of crop off ridge, but also conducive to the cultivation of strong seedlings. The specific approach is: sowing the seeds of fruit for one day before sowing and stripping seeds. The seeds were soaked in warm water at 30°C for 4 hours, then placed in a basket, covered with cloth and straw, placed in a warm place to maintain a temperature of around 25°C, and each time a 5 hour warm water was applied, and the temperature was kept for 24 hours to germinate. . Seed sowing only the radicle seed is preferred, and the germinating seeds should be sown on the same day.
4, suitable for sowing. The fresh spring peanuts in our province are suitable for spring sowing from March 20th to April 10th. The autumn sowing period is suitable for the mid-late July. Spring planting line spacing 40 ~ 45cm30 ~ 35cm, planting density per acre 4000 ~ 5000 bushes. In autumn sowing, the vegetative growth of peanuts is less than that of spring sowing, and the planting density should be properly planted. The plant spacing is 35-40 cm30 cm, and the planting density per acre is increased to 5500-6500 plexus. Covering the film during spring sowing can not only eat fresh peanuts in the season but also increase production by about 20%. More weeds were sprayed with pre-emergent herbicide before mulching. Each acre was treated with 50% acetochlor 100ml water 50kg, evenly sprayed. After sowing, the microfilm was covered with 0.007-0.008mm. After emergence, the seedlings were punched and placed on the membrane.
5, scientific fertilization. Some people think that flower growth nodules can be applied without fertilizer or fertilizer, which limits the increase of peanut production. According to research, peanuts require nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to be 10:1:3. The general principle of peanut fertilization is: re-basal fertilizer, timely dressing, with trace element fertilizer. The basic basal fertilizer is 500kg per mu, or 7.5~10kg of ternary compound fertilizer. Pay attention to the application of boron, molybdenum and other trace elements, molybdenum fertilizer, boron fertilizer or base application. Before the flowering period (about 8 to 10 true leaves), see the seedlings and fertilization, generally apply 4~5kg urea per acre to meet the needs of fruit needles into the soil, fruit development and fertilizer.
6, reasonable regulation. If excessive fertilization or high temperature during the growth period leads to the plants being significantly prolonged, use 15% paclobutrazol per acre to spray 50～60g of water and spray evenly to inhibit it.
7, pest control. Peanut bogey continuum, to implement 2 to 3 years of rotation, the longer the rotation period, the better the effect. In the late growth stage of peanuts, the common disease is leaf class disease. In the early stage of disease, 50% of carbendazim WP is sprayed at 1500-2000 times, sprayed once every 10-15 days, and sprayed continuously for 2-4 times. The main pests on the ground are grasshoppers and red spiders, which can be sprayed with 50% wettable powder 6-8g/mu and sprayed with 50kg water. Prior to sowing, the soil was treated with sinophos phosphonate particles or seed dressing with simallophophorus emulsion to control nematodes.
8, timely harvest. According to the full maturity of peanuts and market demand, timely harvest. In general, the parietal lobe becomes lighter, the base leaves yellow, and 80% of the pods are harvested when mature.
Fresh Peanut High Yield Cultivation Technique
Peanuts are one of the major edible oil crops in the provinces south of the Yangtze River in China. Peanut seeds contain about 30% protein, and also contain vitamins such as B1, B6, D, and E, which have certain health effects. People also call it "longevity fruit." With the improvement of the people's living standards, in addition to the aging of peanuts cooked food or processed foods, tender peanuts for fresh vegetables are in the ascendant, the benefits of fresh peanuts planting is high, the development prospect is very broad. Fresh peanuts high-yielding cultivation techniques are as follows: