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Big cherry dead tree should be integrated prevention
Big cherry is savory, nutritious and ripe early. It is the earliest listed and most profitable fruit in the northern deciduous fruit trees. In recent years, big cherries have been rapidly developed in suitable planting areas, but the phenomenon of dead tree often occurs in production, which has caused great losses for farmers. Here, the author makes an analysis of the causes of dead trees of big cherries and proposes them. Prevention. First, the reason for the dead cherry tree 1. Rootstocks Cherry seedlings are mainly grafted and propagated. The rootstock affects the entire growth and development of the scion varieties, directly affecting their growth and development habits, early fruit, high yield, fruit size, and fruit. In terms of quality, stress resistance, and tree life, it is important to choose rootstocks with strong grafting affinity for cherry. Affinity is one of the causes of dead trees. 2. Water stress The roots of large cherry have a strong respiration and require high aeration of the soil. If the orchard's drainage system is not sound, after continuous rainfall, the roots of the cherry will be soaked in water for a long time due to water accumulation in the tree trays. Roots will be under anaerobic conditions, inhibiting the respiration of the root system, and will inevitably lead to necrosis and rot. Caused dead trees. Big cherries are neither tolerant nor tolerant to drought. Under conditions of low rainfall and no irrigation, their growth is seriously affected. The growth of new shoots is slow, and the leaves are wilted and discolored. Flower bud differentiation cannot proceed normally, resulting in weakened tree vigor. Poor resistance to pests, and even the whole plant died of drought. 3. Freezing damage to the roots, branches, leaves, flowers and roots of cherry can occur. After the root and neck are damaged, the bark becomes dark, cracking, rough, and flake off. If it goes around for a week, it causes the tree to die. 4. Nutrition Because of the shallow root distribution, insufficient supply of fertilizer and water, and excessive results, it is easy to cause nutrient deficiency in the tree, especially for the continuous application of paclobutrazol for many years, resulting in significant aging of the tree, which is also the cause of tree dead. 5. Diseases and Pests Root-cancer disease, infective fluidosis, and rot are the major diseases in the production of large cherries. Failure to prevent and control in time can cause the death of the whole plant. The incursion of the calf destroys the vegetative organ of the tree, causing the tree to dry and die. Second, the prevention and control measures 1. Select high-quality nursery stock selection and cherry graft affinity and detoxification treatment of seedlings, such as the use of tissue culture breeding superior dwarfing anvil ZY-1, Gisela 5, Mahali, etc. Grafted cherry seedlings have a high survival rate. 2. Digging drainage ditch, perfect drainage and irrigation system combined with ridge cultivation, digging up drainage ditch. Modern irrigation methods such as drip irrigation and infiltration irrigation not only drastically save water, but also create a suitable soil environment for big cherries to ensure good growth and development of the tree. In mountainous areas or in economically backward areas, it is possible to use furrow irrigation or tree tray irrigation. 3. Avoid frost damage Try to choose a variety that blooms after the high frost period. In addition, it is also possible to delay germination and flowering by means of whitening of trunks and watering in early spring. Before spraying, naphthalene acetate (250-500 mg/kg) or 0.1%-0.2% solution of Qingxin can be sprayed on the whole tree to inhibit the sprouting of buds and postponed the flowering period by 3 to 4 days. By means of reasonable loads, reasonable fertilization and watering, scientific pruning, comprehensive pest control and other measures, the tree potential and the tree's nutrient level are enhanced, and the cold resistance is improved. 4. Strengthen pest control Use virus-free seedlings to build gardens to reduce the incidence of root cancer. Seedlings were selected before planting, and seedlings with root nodules were completely removed. Seedlings were disinfected with K84. For 2 to 3 years old trees, 30 times K84 was used to water the roots before germination. The dose was 1 to 2 kg per strain; The tree was completely resected and the incision was disinfected with 100 times copper sulfate solution. The Bordeaux fluid was used for protection. The diseased tissue scraped off should be cleaned and burned in time. After the flow of glue was discovered, the liquid eye was removed, the depth of the xylem was removed, and a carding agent or lime sulfur was applied. If the lesion was large, several knives were cut longitudinally at the lesion, the juice was squeezed out, and the lime sulfur mixture was applied. Can basically heal fluid.