Conservation Management of Grapes in Protected Areas

The management of the ear of grapes in protected areas is an important link in the production of beautiful colors, large and uniform grains, high quality and delicious, green and high-end products.

First, sparse spike

1, sparse spikes: generally about 1 week before flowering. Depending on the specific situation of the tree-trend, the excess spikes should be removed. In principle, one spike and one spike should be kept. Two spikes should be left on individual strong shoots, and all the third spikes should be neglected. At the same time, remove about 1/3 of the spike tip, remove the spikelets and several larger branches on the upper part, leaving 15 or so small branches, and the trimmed inflorescences have a conical shape.

2. Sparse spikes: 10-15 days after flowering. The strong growth results in the branches leaving two ears, the growth potential of the middle results of the branches to retain one ear, the results of weak growth results generally do not leave the ear. After spawning, it is more appropriate for the two-year-old grapes to retain 4-6 ear per plant; the perennial rice vines can retain 5-8 ear per square meter.

Second, sparse grain. 15-20 days after flowering, the small fruit pieces and the deformed fruit pieces on the ear were removed according to the fruit setting. During the fruit enlargement period, the small fruit pieces are first sparsely removed, and the uniform and uniform fruit pieces are retained, and then the fruit grains that affect the ear shape, the overt and the deformed ones are cut off, and the individual prominent large fruit grains are also removed. After the thinning, the fruit grains are kept between grains and grains, and do not squeeze each other. According to different varieties, generally 40-50 pieces of fruit are reserved for each small ear, 50-60 pieces of fruit are reserved for medium ear, and 60-80 are reserved for large fruits. Each fruit, with an average of 10-12 grams or 13-14 grams per fruit, meets the requirements of high-grade fruit.

In the period of fruit coloring and softening, if the coloring rate is slow, besides the measures such as girdling, picking leaves, and sloping, performing a spalling treatment can also promote berry coloring.

Third, plastic surgery. Remove shoulders and ensure ear shape is compact. Spike length 12-15 cm is the best. The fruit spiked in the middle of the branch is straightened into the frame to make it droop naturally; the tip of the ear that has not been elongated or weak is cut off, and the total ear length is 12-15 cm, and the maximum length is not more than 20 cm, so that the entire ear Tight but not squeezed, loose and loose, tight and moderate. In addition, after Xiehua, gently shake the ear, so that poor fertilization, can not develop swelling of the fruit off, in order to save nutrients.

Fourth, bagging. Sacking should be carried out immediately after granulation. Before bagging, half-quantity (1:0.5:200) Bordeaux mixture should be sprayed one time and 200 times in order to kill all germs on the ear. After the fruit surface liquid is dried, it can be bagged. Kyoho, Fujieda and other varieties colored by scattered light should use pure white polyethylene paper bags; red Ruibao, etc. by direct light coloring varieties should use the bottom of the cellophane bags with holes; seedless white chicken heart and other white varieties available dark paper bags. If a dark paper bag is used for coloring scattered light, or a white paper bag or dark paper bag is used for direct light coloring, it is necessary to remove the bag 1-2 weeks before harvest to promote berry coloring. After the paper bag is set, the upper mouth of the paper bag should be tightly fastened and fixed on the old vine, and a small hole should be cut in the two corners of the lower mouth so that the air in the paper bag can circulate.

Fifth, picking bags. Picking time is generally about 15-20 days before maturity. White light-transmitting paper bags do not need to be picked, and other light-transmitting paper bags can be taken in the week before harvesting. After picking the bag, the ears should be turned over to make the whole color even.

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