Breakthroughs in development of cotton fiber development

Cotton fiber is the most important natural fiber and the main raw material for the textile industry. China is a major producer of cotton, with an area of ​​about 5 million hectares. Cotton production plays a decisive role in the national economy and social development. Not only does lint itself have a market value of several hundred million yuan, textiles also have a huge impact on China's economy and trade. To improve the quality of cotton fiber is an important issue for cotton breeding in China.

The National 863 Program under the auspices of the Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Institute of Cotton Functional Genomics Research--the development of cotton fiber, has solved the mysteries of improving cotton fiber quality from the perspective of genes. Researchers in the research group isolated cotton MYB gene GaMYB2/FIF1. Studies on transgenic Arabidopsis show that the introns of the MYB gene, including FIF1, are indispensable for the development of epidermal hair cells. The intron is a sequence that does not encode a protein in the gene, and the intron of the FIF1 gene regulates the expression pattern of the FIF1 gene itself. This finding provides new information and ideas for the in-depth study of the differentiation and cell model formation mechanisms of cotton fibers and epidermal hair cells. The researchers also isolated the cotton RDL1 gene promoter, which directs genes specifically expressed in cotton fibers and epidermal hair cells in Arabidopsis. Specific promoters are very important for plant genetic engineering. The isolation of the RDL1 promoter provides an important regulatory element with independent intellectual property rights for the genetic engineering of cotton fiber improvement.

The isolation of FIF1 gene is of great significance in revealing the regulation mechanism of cotton fiber development and molecular breeding of cotton, and the RDL1 gene promoter can be directly used in cotton fiber improvement genetic engineering. Currently, researchers have transferred the sense and antisense DNA of the FIF1 gene to cotton plants to analyze the role of the FIF1 gene in the regulation of cotton fiber development.

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