The scientific name Prodenia litura (Fabricius) Lepidoptera, Noctuidae. Synonyms Spodoptera litura (Fabricius). Alias ​​lotus moth, lotus pattern night moth. Distributed throughout the country. The hosts include more than 290 varieties of 99 families including cruciferous vegetables such as rape, cabbage, broccoli, cabbage and radish, solanaceae, cucurbitaceae, leguminous vegetables, alfalfa, mint, onion, leeks, spinach, and crops. The larvae eat leaves, buds, flowers, and fruits, and they can eat whole crops when serious. In cabbages and cabbages, leaf balls and heart leaves can be infiltrated, and feces can be excreted, causing pollution and rot that can make them lose their commodity value. Morphological characteristics Adult body length 14-20mm, wingspan 35-40mm, head, chest, abdomen are dark brown, white bushy hair on the back of the chest, the abdomen at the back of several sections of the center with dark brown hairs. The forewings are grayish-brown with complex markings. The inner and outer horizontal lines are gray and white, wavy, with white stripes in the middle. Between the ring pattern and the kidney pattern, there are three white slashes from the leading edge to the outer edge of the trailing edge. Spodoptera litura. White wings, no markings. Before and after the wings are often red to purple red flash. Oval hemispherical, 0.4-0.5 mm in diameter, initially yellowish-white, light green after hatching, purple-black before hatching. Eggs are assembled into 3-4 layers of egg mass, covered with grayish yellow fluff. The mature larvae are 35-47mm long with dark brown heads. The body color varies depending on the host and population density: yellow, blue, grayish brown or dark green. Grayish yellow and orange yellow. From the midbrain to the 9th abdominal segment, there is a pair of triangular dark spots on the inside of the sub-line, of which the largest abdominal segments are on the 1st, 7th and 8th. The chest is nearly black and the belly is dark brown. The dragonfly is about 15-20mm long and has a bright red color. There is a small engraved dot at the near front edge of the fourth to seventh quarter on the back of the abdomen. The thorns are short, with a pair of strong and curved thorns, and the base of the thorns is open. Life habits are 4 to 5 years old in North China, 5-6 generations in the Yangtze River Valley, 6-9 generations in Fujian, and can be bred year-round in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, and Taiwan. There is no overwintering phenomenon; in the areas north of the Yangtze River, wintering problems remain. Inconclusively, it is speculated that the source of spring bugs may have migrated from the south. The Yangtze River basin mostly occurs in July-August, and the Yellow River Basin is mostly in August-September. Adults have nocturnal activity and are strong in flight. They can fly tens of meters at a time and reach as high as 10m or more. Adults have phototaxis, and they have tropism for sweet and sour liquor and fermented carrots, malt, bean cakes, and cow dung. Adults need to replenish nutrients. The average number of eggs deposited for molasses is 577.4, and those who fail to feed can only produce a few grains. Eggs are produced on tall, dense, and greenish marginal crops, with the most bifurcation of the leaves at the back of the middle leaves. The egg development period is about 7 days at 22°C and about 2.5 days at 28°C. The newly hatched larvae ate in groups and only eat leafy flesh before the third instar, leaving epidermis and veins on the left, turning yellow after being white-yellow and easy to identify. After 4 years of age, it enters the gluttony period, and it mostly comes out in the evening. The larvae were 6 instar in length, with a development period of 21°C for 27 days, 26°C for 17 days, and 30°C for 12.5 days. The mature larvae build soil in the 1-3cm topsoil, and the soil can be removed under dead leaves. The developmental duration of earthworms is about 9 days at 28-30°C and about 13 days at 23-27°C. Spodoptera litura development temperature is relatively high (29 - 30 °C), so all serious damage during the period from July to October. Prevention and control methods (1) Entrapment and control of adult worms In combination with the control of other vegetable worms, black-light lamps or sweet and sour vinegar pots (see ground tigers) may be used for trapping and killing adults. (2) Chemical control Before the 3rd instar, it is the stage of spotting, which can be combined with field management to carry out the selection and treatment, instead of spraying all over the field. After the 4th instar night out, it should be done before and after the evening. 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