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Spirulina Application
Spirulina is widely used in aquaculture for fish, shrimp, crab, shellfish or feed additives. It has high protein, high nutrition, high digestion and absorption rate, enhances and regulates the body's immunity and other characteristics, and contains more carotene, vitamins and trace elements. Its special carotenoids have the effect of enhancing color and improving the meat quality of fish. China's research on Spirulina began in the 1970s, and was later listed as a key source of algae protein in the National Science and Technology Research Project of the 7th Five-Year Plan. Spirulina protein is recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations as "the best nutritious food in the 21st century" for its high quality, natural, and no pollution. Spirulina has the effects of promoting growth, increasing appetite, enhancing disease resistance, raising the survival rate of larvae, and improving the quality of body color in aquaculture, and the breeding is rapid and easy to cultivate. Spirulina is a tiny algae that can be used directly as an animal's mouth and seedling bait. Adding the pelleted feed into the water is not easy to sink, does not agglutinate, does not spoil the water quality, and the culture effect is good. In particular, the special effects of Spirulina have received more and more attention in the case that the sea aquatic products breeding is increasingly plagued by diseases and the feed is seriously polluting the water quality. First, the crab breeding and cultivation; Spirulina dry powder or simply fed Spirulina fresh algae larvae survival rate was 53% and 50%, respectively, compared with Artemia fed eggs and yolk increased survival rate. With the increase of larvae and the increase of predation ability, animal active food is particularly important. In the zoea stage, the larvae are swallowed so that Spirulina can be directly put into water. At the young crab cultivation stage, the juvenile crab adopts the method of holding food. The fresh algae and starch can be mixed and mixed into granular feed. When fresh algae are put into seawater as feed, not only will they not die, but they will also grow. This not only does not pollute the water like dried powder, but also uses ammonia nitrogen in the water due to the growth of spirulina. The role of water purification. Second, the cultivation of scallops In the process of scallop farming, pro-scallops will be moved into the room in the spring, and warming will promote the maturation of the gonads to collect seedlings. The same volume of microalgae cultivation pool needs to be built. However, the temperature in spring is low, and the supply of algae is in short supply. The effect of starch replacement is poor. The Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed a pro-shellfish feed based on spirulina, which can completely replace the fresh microalgae. Both egg production and hatching rates are high. Spirulina compound feed can reduce infrastructure investment, reduce labor intensity, save feed costs, and more importantly, reduce risks, raise seedlings in advance, and increase income. Third, Bao's nursery; Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Marine Research began in 1985 to develop spirulina compound feed, including nursery, industrialized raising of abalone and sea cage feed. Compared with Japanese feed, the spirulina abalone formulated feedstuff developed in China has good water resistance, and the mortality rate of young hatchlings is low. The shells of long-bowed abalone are thick and difficult to damage, and have a characteristic dark green shell color, which is close to wild abalone. Popular with consumers. The Japanese feed-fed abalone is cyan blue, which is obviously different from wild abalone. In addition, the feed produced in China is only half the cost of feed in Japan. If the northern abalone is fed with spirulina feed, the survival rate of overwintering is greatly improved and it has great economic value. Fourth, quail feeding Spirulina broiled clams, neatly grown, in good condition, body size, body color, body surface have undergone significant changes, the amount used is 1% to 3%. The nutritional value of squid is very high. In the process of artificial breeding, the individual growth varies greatly. Many of the squid cannot meet the standards for capture and become squatters, affecting economic efficiency. Spirulina contains an unknown growth factor that preserves growth. Using it as a feed additive, body weight will increase significantly, and the efficiency of feeding will be substantial. Fifth, improve the body color of ornamental fish; Spirulina can accelerate the growth of fish, enhance vitality and enhance the degree of beautiful fish. Living algae feeding koi, its body color will be more beautiful. Spirulina pigment system containing carotenoids, is conducive to metabolic transformation and fish color improvement. Live algae can also purify the water body, but when Spirulina increases in the water, it affects the fish, so it can be added to the bait. It has been reported that the pigments in the skin of carp are basically composed of carotenoids, while the carotenoids are mostly highly unsaturated and easily oxidized, causing melanin deposition and loss of natural color. Spirulina contains high levels of carotenoids and metabolizing enzymes required by the fish itself, which not only improves body color, but also improves feed utilization and improves meat quality. Sixth, used for real sea bream, gray squid and other sea products bred sea cage breeding aqua, gray fish and other treasures, the disease is often difficult to control. Spirulina contains immune substances and heat stress-resistance factors that increase animal immunity and disease resistance. The addition of spirulina as a bait can reduce death and also improve the body color, making seafood more valuable. In short, Spirulina has a great role in aquaculture. If the Spirulina compound feed is further improved to microencapsulate, aid digestion, promote shelling direction, its effect is more obvious. However, the domestic research on Spirulina in terms of bait is still in the primary stage, pending further research and development.