American hybrid apricot plum rapid propagation technology
The United States hybrid apricot plum is the first new apricot and plum hybrid variety introduced from abroad by the Chinese Academy of Forestry under the support of the national “948†introduction project. There are seven varieties: flavored rose, flavored and flavored queen, flavored queen, and dinosaur. Egg, taste king and thick taste. These new apricot and plum hybrid varieties have strong adaptability, early results, large fruit, good fruit taste, rich nutrition, high yield and stable production, resistance to storage, extensive use, and high economic value. In order to make this new species go to market as soon as possible, it is imperative to rapidly breed high quality and strong seedlings to meet the needs of the majority of growers. After two years of trials and promotion in our county, a set of American hybrid apricot and plum rapid propagation technology has been concluded to realize the year's breeding and the year. Grafting, then out of the garden. The specific operating procedures are as follows: 1 The selection of nursery sites should be made of loam or light loam soil with convenient transportation and complete drainage and irrigation facilities. Do not use saline-alkali land, low-lying land, clay, yellow clay, heavy land and fruit and vegetable land. 2 Seed treatment Select well-grown, full, well-developed peach seeds and cultivate seedling stocks. Treatment method: The purchased seeds are soaked in the middle and late of December and then soaked for 4 days and nights. The control water is removed after 24 hours. Finally, soaked for 6 hours with a ratio of 1 g of gibberellin (alcohol dissolved) to 15 kg of water and a solution of 50% carbendazim 0.1%, remove the water and insert it directly on the seedbed. 3 The site preparation nursery will apply 5,000 kg of high-quality farmyard fertilizer and 50 kg of potassium phosphate compound fertilizer per 667 square meters, and use furan sodium to stir bran into the nursery to prevent underground pests. If the soil is slightly alkaline, appropriate amounts of black sulphate (ferrous sulphate) or cerevisiae light can be added to prevent root cancer. Deeply flattened the bed and made the bed north and south. The width of the bed is 60-70 cm, and the length is 10 meters. The drainage ditch is 30 cm wide. The treated peach nucleus was planted in 2 rows per bed and the density was 8-10 cm. The depth was 4 cm. The surface was curved and the mulch was covered with a liquid mulch. 4 Seedling management When the temperature in the membrane exceeds 35°C or when the seedlings emerge in early February, the membranes will be broken or peeled off. The seedlings will be cleared in late April and the diseased seedlings and thick seedlings will be removed and the diseased side branches will be cut off. During the growing season, weeding, fertilizing, and preventing and controlling pests and diseases timely watered the plants. 5 When the grafted seedling thickness is 0.5 centimeters in time, from the end of May to the beginning of June, "T" shaped buds or single buds can be used for the abdominal joints, and the tie-binding material can be used with strong elasticity of the agricultural film. Grafting sites should be more than 15 cm above the ground and the base leaves should be retained. Immediately after cutting, the anvil was cut and the upper part was lightly cut. The upper part of the grafted part was cut in 4 times, and the lower part of the grafting branch was continuously removed, about once a week, until the grafted shoot grew to more than 10 cm, and the rootstock had a large amount of germination. At this point you can untie the tie. Grafting should be carried out as soon as possible when the grafting of the moderate flavor rose and thick, should generally be completed in late June grafted; other five tree species can be delayed until mid-July, still can guarantee high quality seedlings. 6 After the management was grafted, it was just over the same period of rain and heat. The weeds and diseases and pests in nurseries were seriously endemic. We should strengthen the management of timely cultivation and weeding and topdressing of quick-acting fertilizers and foliar fertilizers or hormones, and spray safe and low-toxic organic pesticides. Apply 7.5 kg of fast-acting fertilizer per 667 square meters every 15 days, and also spray foliar fertilizer such as Lvfengbao No.1 and Yemianbao. It was found that there are borers and ticks can be sprayed with deltamethrin or dimethoate can be sprayed simultaneously. It was discovered that there were missed live seedlings that could be cut off as soon as possible. According to the lyrics timely irrigation, pay attention to drainage during the rainy season. 7 Grafting seedlings type should be equipped with appropriate pollination varieties, the ratio of 2:8, the flavor of the rose and flavor of the Queen's suitable pollination varieties are Emperor Di, dinosaur eggs; flavor of the pollination tree can be flavored rose or flavor Emperor; taste The appropriate pollination varieties for the Emperor are flavored rose, tasteful, thick and dinosaur eggs; the suitable pollination varieties for dinosaur eggs are: Didi, Weiwang and Weihouhou; the suitable pollination variety for Diwang is dinosaur eggs and thick taste; The pollination varieties are the king of taste, dinosaur eggs and thick taste. Using this rapid propagation technology, about 10,000 high quality and strong seedlings can be planted every 667 square meters in the year to meet the 11.33 hm2 base construction.