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High-yielding Cultivation Techniques of Cotton Onion Intercropping
1. Choose flat lands with flat terrain, good irrigated conditions, groundwater salt content below 0.2%, soil neutrality and high fertility, soil sandy loam. 2. The planting model adopts the "4-2" planting mode, which means that 4 lines of green onion are used for 2 rows of cotton. Every 1.6 meters is 1 belt, high and low cultivation. The height is 70 centimeters wide, and the height is 15 centimeters; the width is 90 centimeters wide. Low-lying species of 4 rows of green onion, small row spacing 20 cm, large row spacing 100 cm, cotton green onion spacing 25 cm, spacing 15 cm, planting 11,000 per 667 square meters. Two rows of cotton were made between the tops of the stilts. The rows were 50 centimeters apart, 110 centimeters apart, 25 centimeters apart, and 3,330 seedlings per 667 square meters. 3. Cultivation management points 3.1 3.1.1 varieties Lianyungang 84-1, Tianjin Dashuitao, the United States improved 502 and so on. 3.1.2 Nursery points 3.1.2.1 Seedling nursery time is generally suitable for nursery after 1 to 2 days before and after “white dewâ€. Precocious convulsions tend to occur prematurely, and production decreases when they are too late. 3.1.2.2 The selected land parcel has high ground, good permeability, strong water seepage, fertile soil and good drainage and irrigation conditions, and it is better to raise seedlings on land that is not heavy. Onion seedlings are not resistant to salinity, fear of water, should avoid breeding of low-alkali saline soil. 3.1.2.3 Seeding Seedlings Determine the area of ​​seedlings and the amount of seedlings according to the area of ​​colonization. Seedlings use 3 g/m2 and 350 seedlings. “Four-two-type†cotton and green onion intercropping, 40 m2 per 667 m2 of nursery bed, 120 g of seed; “4 in 1†cotton-onion intercropping, 60 m2 per 667 m2 of nursery bed, used It is 180 grams. The seedlings are planted and cultivated. They are 1.2 meters wide, 20 centimeters tall and wide, and 10 to 15 meters long. After filling the well, the water is poured. After the water seeps, the seed and fine sandy soil are mixed in a ratio of 1:10, and then sowed immediately. After sowing, the fine soil is covered and the soil thickness is about 1 cm. After the soil is covered, it is applied every 667 square meters. Phoxim granules prevent underground pests. 3.1.2.4 Management before and after seedling emergence, pay attention to timely weeding, seedling height 4 to 5 cm when the seedlings, keep seedlings from 3 to 4 cm. Seedling sprayed in time to prevent and control pests and diseases. Combine spraying with foliar fertilizers and spray 0.3% urea. When the surface is dry, it is watered in an appropriate amount, and combined with watering, topdressing 10-15 kg of urea per 667 m2. 3.1.3 Colonization 3.1.3.1 Planting time is generally suitable for planting before and after late October (frost reduction). 3.1.3.2 After site preparation and picking cotton, 667 square meters of organic manure 5000 kg, 50 kg of diammonium phosphate, 50 kg of superphosphate, deep-turn 30 cm after fertilization, and used every 667 square meters before ploughing 48% of Triflura EC 90 ml, 45 kg of water sprayed on the ground, control of weeds, after spraying, squeezing, flattening, mixing of medicine and soil, and ridges according to planting specifications, waiting for planting. 3.1.3.3 Strong seedlings The standard seedlings are about 20 to 25 cm high, stems are 0.6 to 0.9 cm thick (not more than 1 cm), and have 4 to 5 leaves. If the seedlings are too large, the low temperature can easily pass through the vernalization stage and cause bolting and flowering; if the seedlings are too small, the drought resistance is weak, and they are easily frozen to death during winter. 3.1.3.4 Density of planting Seedlings that meet the criteria for strong seedlings are selected and planted at a row spacing of 20 cm and plant spacing of 15 cm. 3.1.3.5 Depth of planting It is appropriate to bury the bulb 1 cm and do not float after watering. 3.1.3.6 Insect pest control combined with colonization, apply 5% phoxim granules 5 kg per 667 m2 to control underground pests, use 40% dimethoate EC 600 times, and inhale pseudostems for 3 to 5 minutes to kill sneak into Locust inside leaves. 3.1.4 Management Immediately after planting and before freezing, water immediately after planting. The amount of watering should be larger. After watering, flush out the root seedlings or fallen seedlings, and timely soiling and righting. After the water infiltrate, scratch the ground in time and raise the ground temperature to facilitate the regeneration of the root system. Pour frozen water (in mid-November) before freezing and cover the mulch. The mulch film should be laid flat and tightened tightly. 3.1.5 Do a good job of film protection in winter management. 3.1.6 Spring Management 3.1.6.1 After the membrane is returned to seedlings in spring, the seedlings shall be released from the membrane in time, and the smaller the seedlings, the better. After the seedlings are released, the seedlings shall be promptly placed in wet soil to prevent the membrane from falling down. Evaporation of water. 3.1.6.2 Pest control uses 40% dimethoate EC 800 times to control submerged leaf insect pests. It is used to control round onion purple spot disease with a multi-type Bordeaux mixture and 60% diethylaluminophosphate 500 times solution is added to prevent downy mildew. . 3.1.6.3 Water and fertilizer management Control watering in the early stage to avoid lowering the ground temperature. Fertilizer is mainly sprayed with foliar fertilizer. When the diameter of the underground bulb reaches 3 to 4 cm after returning to green for 30 days, fertilizer and water management is performed. The ground is always kept moist and does not dry, until the harvest is about 4 to 5 times, each time watering To top-dressing, the first two times per 667 square meters of urea 10 to 15 kg, after 2 to 3 times per 667 square meters topdressing potassium dihydrogen phosphate or potassium sulfate 5 to 10 kg. 3.1.7 Watering is stopped 10 days before the maturity of the management before harvesting, and the water is drained in time to prevent rot after harvest. 15 days before maturity, spray 400 times Qingxin to prevent germination during storage. 3.1.8 Timely harvesting of plant lodging, when the bottom 3 to 4 old leaves turn yellow, it indicates that the variety is mature. Choose sunny days to start harvesting, fully dry for 4 to 5 days, and then choose the dry and ventilated place for membranization and storage or sale on the market. 3.2 Cotton Selection The high-yield cotton varieties such as the Lumianyan series and Zhongmian 37 were broadcast live on ridges around April 20th and were filmed after sowing. Other management methods were the same as those of cotton fields.