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The vegetables that are easy to produce adventitious roots can be used for cutting and seedling propagation. The vegetables that can be used for cutting and seedling propagation include: tomatoes, eggplants, cucumbers, seedless watermelons, peppers, cabbages, watercress, and ginseng vegetables. Currently used are tomatoes and seedless watermelons. Tomato breeding technology is simple and easy to grasp; seedless watermelon cutting seedlings can save a large number of seeds, is to solve the difficulty of seedless watermelon seed production, low seed production, is not easy to promote a large area of ​​effective measures.
Cuttings and seedlings must be selected from appropriate cuttings and cuttings on vegetable plants, treated with appropriate growth regulators, and properly temperature and humidity controlled after insertion to ensure successful cuttings. Cuttage nursery should master the following several technical links:
1. Select the cutting material. The cutting material must be a part of the plant that easily produces adventitious roots, such as tomatoes, seedless watermelons, cucumbers, and eggplants. When the parts are different, the old tenderness of the stem tissue and the content of nutrients are different. The speed and number of hairy roots after watering are also different. Generally, the roots of the shoots after the top of the water are inserted and the hair roots are much faster. After transplanting, they grow faster and have more flowering results. Therefore, the cuttings inserted into the seedlings of water should be selected as thick lateral branches when pruning, and 7-8 cuttings can be taken for each tomato. The length of the cuttings is preferably 8-12 cm. The cutting of the cuttings should be smooth, and the cuttings should be naturally dried and healed afterwards to reduce the decay in the water cuttings and increase the number of hair roots and root length. Cabbage, cabbage cuttings, multi-propagation leaf propagation, take the leaves of the middle or inner layer to cut a middle rib, with a bud and a small tuber tissue.
2, plant growth regulator treatment. The use of plant growth regulators such as indole acetic acid, indole propionic acid, indole butyric acid, naphthalene acetic acid or 2,4-D, can all promote the rooting of cuttings and increase the survival rate. Different cuttings may have different growth regulators. The sensitivity is different, so different materials should be treated with different types and concentrations of plant growth regulators. Common growth regulators and concentration ranges for vegetable cuttings are listed in the table below:
Use of vegetable growth regulators Temperature Relative Humidity Tomatoes with 50 mg/kg naphthaleneacetic acid or 100 Daytime: 22-30°C
Mg/kg of indole acetic acid dipping material at night: 12-18°C 90%
The base 10 minutes, or a mixture of both liquid helium material base 10 minutes seedless watermelon 1000-2000 mg / kg indole acetic acid Day: 28-32 °C 1-3 days after insertion: 95-99%,
Or naphthalene acetic acid fast dipping collateral base night: 20-22 °C 4-6 days: 90-95%,
7-10 days: 85-90%,
After 10 days: 80-85%.
Eggplant with 22 mg/kg Naphthalene Acetate Fast 22-30°C 85%-95%
Chilli dipping collateral base
Cucumber with 2000 mg/kg naphthalene acetic acid or 22-30°C 85%-95%
2000 mg/kg indole acetic acid rapid dipping collateral base
Cabbage takes 1000-2000 mg/kg å²å“š20-25°C 85-95%.
Cabbage acetic acid or naphthalene acetic acid quickly dip, only dip the bottom of the incision, not soaked in buds.
3, cutting method. Common methods are water cut and matrix cutting method. Tomatoes, eggplants, peppers, cuttings, cuttings, water cuttings, and most vegetables can use matrix cutting method.
As a substrate for cutting, it is required to have good texture, air permeability and water retention, and it is not easy to cause decay of the cutting material. Commonly used substrates include 1:1 mix of vermiculite, perlite or sand and vegetable garden soil. The culture medium can be placed in a nursery tray (box) or nursery bed, disinfected with 100-fold formalin prior to cutting, and then cut.
The water cutting method is simple to operate but not as easy to manage as the matrix cutting method.
4, post-cut management. The speed of germination, rooting, and the survival rate of cuttings are affected by the cutting materials on the one hand, and more importantly, by the temperature and humidity in the process of cuttings. The optimum temperature and humidity of different vegetables after cutting are as shown in the above table. The general material requirement is 20-25°C. Hi warm vegetables are slightly higher. Hi cold vegetables are slightly lower. Temperature is too high and too low is adverse to the survival of cuttings. When the temperature is too low (below 15°C), a small shed can be placed on the seedbed and covered with grasshoppers at night; when the temperature is too high, the curtain can be used to cover the cooling. The relative humidity is generally 85%-95%. As for the light, shading can be carried out within 3 days of cutting, shading before and after 4-6 days, and shading is not required after 7 days. In particular, light needs to be seen when the seedlings begin to grow.
When the seedlings form a complete root system and reach the appropriate seedling age, they can be transplanted into the field.
Cutting cutting techniques for vegetables
Cuttage seedlings are the characteristics of adventitious roots that are easily produced in certain parts of certain vegetables. Take these parts, treat them with plant growth regulators, cultivate them under appropriate environmental conditions, promote their hair root buds, and form seedlings for new seedlings. . Vegetable cuttings can increase the propagation coefficient of vegetables, speed up the breeding process, and can maintain the purity of the varieties; cutting seedlings saves seeds compared to sowing and raising seedlings, short breeding time, convenient management, low cost, and can carry out sports seedlings, save space, and produce It has great promotion value.