Soybean narrow-row dense planting method

Soybeans are cultivated in a narrow row and densely planted. This is an advanced cultivation technology with a large area of ​​soybean cultivation in the world and rapid development. Since the beginning of the 1990s, our province has developed a narrow-row and close-grain cultivation technology suitable for the production conditions of our province on the basis of digestion and absorption of foreign technologies, combined with the natural features and production conditions of our province.

Soybean narrow row dense planting is divided into two types of flat narrow row dense planting and ridge row narrow planting. The former high-yielding cultivation techniques are flat seeding and flat tube, narrow-row and close-grain cultivation in the same level. The latter type refers to narrow rows and dense planting based on ridges, and is also divided into narrow ridge rows and dense ridges and narrow ridges and narrow rows. .

First, choose the appropriate variety, do a good job in seed treatment

The production of narrow rows and dense plants must be based on the premise of “no serious lodging”. Otherwise, it will not only increase production but also reduce production. Therefore, it is necessary to select dwarf and semi-dwarf varieties with large yield-enhancing potential for lodging in narrow rows and dense plants. At present, more suitable varieties for production are Hefeng 25, Hefeng 35, Funong 14, Beifeng 14, Beifeng 11, Hongfeng 11, Heihe 22 and so on. In addition, the varieties or strains earlier than the local ripening period were selected to perform more, such as Black Cross 99-1372 selected by Bayan, Baofeng 9 and Beifeng 11 selected by Huachuan County, which were all types of ripening early in the local area. This can be used as a reference for selecting varieties, but the ripening period should not be too early, otherwise waste of accumulated temperature will affect production.

Seeds should be sowed before sowing, sowing or artificial grain selection with soybean sorting machine, remove the diseased grain and insect grain and impurities, to reach the seed grading standard two grades or more. Purity of not less than 98%, germination rate of not less than 85% (rate of seedlings), moisture content of not more than 13%. According to the types of pests and soil conditions and soil conditions, seed dressing. The main underground diseases and pests affecting soybean production include cyst nematode, root rot and root rot, and 35% of soybean seed coaters such as clodford seed coating can be used to control the ratio of 1:180 to 100. It is also possible to use 35% ethylthiophosphorus or 35% methylthiophosphorus phosphate in the seed amount of 0.5% of the 50% multifuge or 0.3% seed of 50% carbendazim. The control of soybean cyst nematode can be seed dressing with 2% soybean seed dressing, while also preventing root rot.

Second, the fine soil preparation

Reasonable ploughing, fine soil preparation can ripen the soil, store water, and protect the weeds, reduce weeds, and reduce pests and damages are the basis for the whole seedlings of soybean seedlings and one of the fundamental measures for soybean production. Narrow rows and dense planting require more stringent soil ploughing, flattening for narrow rows and dense planting, not digging during the growing season, and reducing the ability to increase temperature, prevent drought, resist worming, etc. It requires a good soil tillage condition to achieve tillage Deep layers, smooth surface, and fine soil; narrow ridges and dense rows of plants are adopted. Since the number of rows on ridges increases the difficulty of mechanical planting, the requirements for site preparation are higher than those for conventional ridges, not only requiring deep plowing, but also on ridges. Necessary topsoil, ground net, and fine soil. The narrow rows and dense plantings are to be planted in a plane, and the lands with deep foundations are not to be deepened. It is necessary to carry out the fall-falling or the deep-seated preparations to reach the state to be broadcast. To deepen deep and smooth.

Narrow rows of dense ridges and dense planting of small ridges should all be ridged on the basis of volcanic soil preparations, and the ridges of volcanic and autumn ridges or cultivating and deep ridges should be carried out. Large ridges and narrow rows can be used as a machine to form a large ridge 90-140 cm, ridge height 15-18 cm, ridge compaction after the ridge to the height of the ridge table 18 cm, narrow ridges can be used for ordinary ridge furrows Hit a small ridge of 45-50 centimeters and suppress it after ridging.

Third, increase fertilizer input

To achieve high yields in narrow rows and dense plants, it is necessary to increase the input of fertilizers and rationally apply them. The first is to increase the use of agricultural fertilizer. The amount of hectares used for medium-fertilizer plots is 22.5 tons or more. The N, P, and K fertilizers should be used together, and the application amount should be increased by more than 15% compared to conventional ridge cultivation. Conditional fertilization by soil testing, general medium-fertility plots should be carried out. 150-225 kg of diammonium phosphate per hectare, 60-75 kg of potassium sulfate or potassium chloride, and potassium fertilizer may not be used for dressing with biological potassium fertilizer. But also due to the application of trace element fertilizers. Fertilizers and fertilizers must be deep or stratified.

When the early growth of soybeans is poor, 10 kg of urea and 1.5 kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate are used per hectare during the initial flowering period, and they are dissolved in 500 kg of water for spraying. For non-application of micro-fertilizer as a seed fertilizer or no micro-fertilizer seed dressing can be added to micro-fertilizer spraying.

Fourth, sowing

1. Planting methods: Clear seeding or large-scale intercropping.

2, sowing date: timely sowing, when the ground temperature stable through 7-8 °C when the beginning of sowing, the central and southern regions from April 25 to May 10, the northern and eastern regions from May 5 to May 15.

3. Sowing method: 24 rows of seeders can be used to plant seeds in parallel on a narrow row and one seeding hole is used to block one seeding hole. Alternatively, the John Deer company's combined seed drill can also be used. In addition to the above models, the 30-centimeter line spacing can also use the 1.4-meter precision jukebox developed by DongNong that relies on a small four-wheel drive.

Large ridges are planted in narrow rows, planted on mechanical ridges and equidistantly planted in rows, three ridges and two ridges in ridges with a ridge spacing of 90-105 cm, and ridge rows and rows of seeders produced by Helen Agricultural Machinery Repairing Plant etc. are used for sowing. Two ridges are changed to a ridge with a ridge spacing of 120-140 cm. The ridges are sown with 6 rows of huagen 2BKM-IB ridge rower. The 45-50 cm ridges can be properly adjusted on the original model, with 2 rows on the ridge.

4. Density: 333-38 thousand seedlings per hectare in the central and southern regions, 365-460,000 seedlings per hectare in the northern region.

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