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Some thoughts on the healthy culture of pollution-free South American white shrimp
I. Current status and incidence of aquaculture In recent years, the rapid development of Penaeus vannamei in Zhejiang Province has approached 300,000 mu of aquaculture in Zhejiang Province. According to our investigation on the occurrence of white shrimp culture and disease occurrence in the province from 2002 to 2003, the current restriction The main factors for the development of South American white shrimp industry are the dilution and domestication of healthy seedlings, the regulation of cultured water quality, disease diagnosis and comprehensive prevention and control technologies. The survey materials for the three counties (cities) in Sanmen, Shangyu and Haiyan are summarized below. 1. The larvae and juveniles of Penaeus vannamei in Sanmen County were mainly from Xiamen, Zhanjiang, Hainan, etc. The seedlings were basically normal. Except for some of the larvae which had poor quality and died more, there was no large-scale incidence. Penaeus vannamei generally begins to sprout in the middle of May and ends at the end of June. Marine aquaculture of Penaeus vannamei is mainly in the form of polyculture, such as blue crab, white-tailed prawns, and scorpion, while freshwater cultured Penaeus vannamei is mainly monoculture. In 2002, the incidence of Penaeus vannamei in Sanmen County was relatively serious, which directly affected the yield of Penaeus vannamei and the income of farms (households). In severe farms, the incidence of pond accounts for 30%. Shrimp is manifested as decreased motility, roaming or lying on the edge of the pool, no feeding, empty stomach, swimming, weakness, unresponsiveness, normal body color or become red, reddish or dark brown. The tail fan turns red-brown. The shrimp's head breastplate is easily peeled off. The sick shrimp shell has white dots on it. The most obvious is on the head breastplate. Severe white spots are connected with white spots and the flowers with double petals are observed under the microscope. White hair, swelling, swelling of the hepatopancreas, lightening of the color, no parasites on microscopic examination, and no pathogenic bacteria were isolated. 2. From July to August 2002, severe disease occurred in Songxia and Lekhai, the main breeding bases of shrimp in South America, and caused a large number of deaths of white shrimp. There were also sporadic epidemics in 2003. Symptoms are basically similar to those in Sanmen County. The anatomy found that the hepatopancreas of the diseased shrimp is swollen and red, and white spots can be seen on the head breastplate. Stained shrimp shrimp tissue staining showed that there were more parasites in the ends of silkworms. Bacterial isolation was performed on the farm and the normal P. vannamei. Proteus was isolated from the hepatopancreas of P. vannamei, whereas normal P. vannamei did not isolate bacteria. The isolates have obvious resistance to commonly used drugs such as tetracycline, amikacin, cotrimoxazole and penicillin. 3. Haiyan County has introduced white shrimp culture in South America since 2000 and it has grown to more than 5,000 mu in 2003. In 2002, due to factors such as climate, seedlings, and aquaculture technology, the incidence of shrimp disease was quite serious, accounting for 41.3% of the total aquaculture area. The occurrence of shrimp diseases increased the risk of breeding, and the production efficiency was unstable. In 2002, the aquaculture output was high and low. Disparity, high-yield ponds produce more than 450 kilograms, and less than 100 kilograms of low-yield ponds. The high profit of 1.1 million yuan, a low loss. Symptoms resemble those of the three epidemics. The majority of illnesses begin with stressful red body, vibriosis, and finally white spot syndrome. Concurrent and secondary infections are more common.