Raspberry Fine Variety Lai Weili Cultivation Technique

1 Variety characteristics

1.1 Phenophase

Reveille is a red raspberry species in the United States. It is the earliest maturing early maturing variety in a single season. In the Shijiazhuang area, it sprouted in late March. In early April, the leaves were planted. In early May, the fruits matured from the end of May to the beginning of June. The harvest was completed from the end of June to the beginning of July. The average harvest period was 32 days. Falling leaves start from the end of November to early December. In the beginning of April, the basal branches were unearthed. From July to August, the branches were naturally dead.

1.2 Growth Result Habits

The plants grew robustly, the stems were thick and strong, and their erection was strong. The basal branches were 1.5-2.3 m tall. The average stem diameter was 1.1 cm, and 22 to 28 inflorescences were planted on each of the results, and the average inflorescence length was 24.7 cm. Results The average number of branches averaged 350, of which 210 were effective, hard, reddish branches, hard thorns, the thorns on the branches were more than the lower part of the upper part. Breeding is easy, and the ability to germinate roots and seedlings is strong. The yield is strong, the yield per hectare is 5250 kg in the second year after planting, and the yield is 16500 to 19500 kg/hm2 in the fourth to sixth years. Strong disease resistance, tolerate variable temperatures, can be planted in cold regions.

1.3 Economic Characters of Fruit

The fruit type is large, the average fruit weight is 3.3g, and the maximum fruit weight is 6.2g. The average fruit yield per plant is 1.2kg. The fruit is bright red, rich luster, sweet and sour, fresh food quality and appearance quality. Berries are suitable for both fresh and processed foods.

2 Cultivation techniques

2.1 Building a park

Choose a place with convenient transportation, flat terrain, sunny leeward, groundwater level of 1.5m or less, soil pH value of 6.5-8.0, sandy loam or loam where there are irrigation conditions and wind barriers are not vulnerable to wind damage and frost.

2.2 Site Preparation

Complete land preparation for the construction of the plot, deep plowing fertilization. Basal manure is mainly farmyard manure, and it is suitable for adding chemical fertilizers. The amount of fertilizer applied is between 30,000 and 60,000 kg/hm2. Using tractors for rotary tilling, it is better to ridge north-south direction. Ditch the planting ditch according to the prescribed spacing. Planting trench width 60 ~ 70cm, ditch depth 50 ~ 60cm, chicken manure and diamine application within the trench, the application rate of chicken manure per hectare 30m3, diammonium 375kg, and then fill the surface soil with planting ditch. Then drench the irrigation ditch, level the land, dig and plant the hole, and plant the hole to dig in the ditch.

2.3 Setting up a stand

Although the taste of erection is strong, but because of the long branches, the number of fruit is more, it is easy to cause the branches to be bent. It is necessary to set a bracket on the ridge to bind the branches. Firstly, the poles are separated every 4-6m, the poles are 1.5-1.8m high, and 50cm and 150cm from the ground are used to pull two lines for binding the resulting branches from the mother branches. Through the binding is conducive to ventilation and light transmission, prevent fruit from becoming soiled, produce mildew, and increase yield.

2.4 Seedling preparation

Garden can be used to build 2a sprouting seedlings, root seedlings or sub-plantlets. The best effect is to use the seedlings. Requires normal growth of seedlings, no pests and diseases; ground stems thick 0.8 ~ 1.0cm. Immediately after the seedlings are planted.

2.5 Planting time

Planting time can be in spring and autumn, but it is best to plant in autumn, and the autumn root system is easy to restore. To plant early in the fall, late to plant in the spring. Because the raspberry sprouting ability is very strong, the planting density is generally selected as broadband planting, north and south, the planting method is strip planting, the row spacing is 1.8m0.7m, and the planting depth is consistent with the original soil height of the nursery stock, and the planting depth is suitable. At first, the root system was trimmed, the root system was stretched, and the soil was compacted and immediately watered. The next day will be sealed.

2.6 Growth Period Management

Raspberry seedlings have a shallow root distribution and relatively weak drought resistance. They should be timely flooded according to soil moisture, and loosen soil immediately after irrigation. In the year of planting, the raspberry was tied to the fence, and the results were generally started in the second year after planting. After harvesting, the mother tree will naturally die and it will be cut off from the base. After falling from autumn to cold, the basal branches of the year were cut at a height of 1.3 to 1.8m, and the thin and weak branches and branches were removed. After 3a, select 10 to 15 robust branches per year. The amount of sticking is mainly determined by the degree of density that these branches are tied to a double-walled hedgerow in the following year. In Lai-wei, the disease resistance is very strong. In general, the fruit is rarely susceptible to disease, but the ventilation and light transmission are poor, and the fruits are more susceptible to gray molds during the mature period. Therefore, the planting density and branching amount must be reasonably determined to improve plant growth. Status, reduce the occurrence of diseases, can also be sprayed before the flowers of fungicides such as Sunammonium, carbendazim, chlorothalonil, etc. for prevention and treatment, but the fruit growth period is prohibited from spraying, so as not to contaminate the fruit. After being planted for 8 to 10 years in the Taste Plant, as the cultivation time prolonged, its growth became weaker, yield decreased, fruit quality declined, and even a large number of seedlings died. At this time, the original Raspberry Garden needs to be re-cleaned. , replanting to obtain stable and high yield of raspberry.

2.7 Fruit Harvest

The fruit ripening period in Lai-wei is inconsistent and must be harvested in batches. Usually the first time is suitable for harvesting a large amount of berries from 7 to 8 days after harvesting, and then harvested once every 1 to 2 days. Harvest as much as possible in the morning, when the fragrance is the strongest. Do not harvest on rainy days. 2.8 Overwintering Management In the Shijiazhuang area, the variety is generally buried in the winter to prevent cold, mainly to prevent flower buds from freezing, the method is, after entering the winter, first poured antifreeze water 1 times, and then cut the raspberry basal branches as required, along The ridge was straight and overwhelming, and the buried soil was shot to prevent wind penetration. The soil was taken outside the plant 1m to prevent it from being damaged. In the spring, when the ground temperature of 10cm is stable at 3 to 5°C, the soil shall be removed, and the soil shall be withdrawn first and then the soil shall be withdrawn to prevent bruising. After the soil is removed, the branches shall be fastened to the wire.

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