Occurrence and Control of Bamboo Charcoal Fever Disease

I. Harmful conditions Bamboo-charcoal fungus disease is a common disease that occurs more commonly and is a serious disease that damages the southern bamboo. Due to the high temperatures in the winter and this spring, and the long drought time, the early species of G. lucidum in Guangdong's Zhanjiang, Guangzhou, and Taishan regions has grown. According to a number of flower farmers, many of the rich bamboo leaves have dried up from the tips of the leaves to the leaves, and continue to expand and spread to the upper leaves. Due to the long time of drought and high temperature, the disease is outbreak due to rainfall. The diagnosis was due to the prevalence of bamboo anthrax, and it occurred in advance in mid-March. 2. Symptoms and diseases began to occur at the tip or leaf margins and leaves. The diseased area was initially stained with water-stained dark green irregular spots and gradually spread to the upper part of the leaves. In the middle period, it was semi-circular to irregular, with deep edges. Brown, the boundary is obvious; the outer edge of the lesions of the late leaves has a yellow halo, the middle of the plaque is gray-brown or gray-white to yellow-brown. The surface rim was obvious or indistinct, with small black spots on the lesions, and the leaves began to turn yellow and die. Once the spread of lesions spreads to the leaves, young leaves, main stems, and bases of the leaves and stems, if the disease is severe, the stems and leaves will quickly wilt and die. In the rainy and rainy weather conditions, the diseased leaves spread and the plants grow poorly, which seriously affects the effect of foliage. Third, the pathogen and the pathogenicity of the pathogenic pathogens are the semi-ciliococcus spore fungus. The bacteria lived through winter with mycelia and subsp. In the spring of the following year when the temperature rises, conidium discs produce conidia, which spread by wind, rain, and mist, and the bacteria invade from the stomata and wounds. Repeated infections can be repeated several times in the growing period. The temperature rises and the damp weather conditions are favorable. The disease can be affected every year from mid-March to October. The optimum temperature for the germination is 22-28°C. The incidence is the heaviest in May-June in the south, and it is mostly rainy in summer. The soil has high humidity, and the disease develops rapidly. Second, summer and autumn are also more severe. General primary disease leaves first onset. Potted bamboo in pots in the southern homes can also occur year round. Generally, spiders in open field cultivation fields damage the leaf center or bite the tip of the leaf and spread the invasion. They can also survive and spread in the soil. The soil is too viscous, airtight, poorly drained, not ventilated and light-transmissive, the plant is too dense and the disease is heavy under high temperature and humidity conditions; the management is extensive or the drought is weak and the growth is weak and the situation is favorable. Fourth, the prevention and control methods 1, to strengthen the conservation management of rich bamboo, should not be planted dense; pay attention to avoid frost damage and frost damage; Wet irrigation, reasonable fertilization, increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, in order to promote growth and improve resistance to disease. 2, in winter and spring, we must remove diseased leaves and clear dead leaves, and burn them in a concentrated way to reduce the incidence, and sprinkle a quick lime to sterilize and disinfect the soil; or spray a 50% compound carbendazim 500 times liquid to prevent disease, and the prevention effect is better. . 3, to improve the permeability of the field or garden, open cultivation, pay attention to open drain water after rain, reduce the humidity in the field, not partial nitrogen fertilizer. During the growth period, take a shade net to reduce high-temperature light exposure. Kill spiders, longhorned beetles, leafhoppers, and scale insects in time to reduce the number of media. 4. When the diseased plant is found, it should be sprayed and controlled in time. In the early stage of disease, 75% chlorothalonil + 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder (1:1) 600-800 times fluid or 50% compound sulfur bacteria can be alternately sprayed. Ling 800 times or 50% Garethon WP 600-800 times, or 125% Cyanotic Plank 1000-1500 times, 25% Carbon Trane WP 500 times, or 50% Anthraquinone 500 times the powder, 50% of the protective work of wet powder 1000 times, or 75% chlorothalonil +70% Dailo music (1:1) 1000-1200 times liquid, control effect is good. The above-mentioned medicaments are used alternately, once every 7 days, and sprayed 3 to 4 times. It is usually sprayed before or after heavy rain to control pathogens to produce spores and conidiospores to spread and infect. The control effect is good.

Traditional convenience foods need to be soaked in boiling water for consumption. Some special people, such as wilderness adventures, tourism, troops, and police officers, cannot be eaten without boiling water. Self-heating Rice does not need boiling water when cooking, no need for thermal power, tear open the outer packaging, pour the pure water bag inside it into the heating bag, the water and the heating bag will automatically mix and heat up, steam the rice and the dishes, 8-15 minutes Edible.
Decommissioning the ingredients of the Self-Heating Rice heating package: Inventing a multi-purpose self-heating bag, mainly using roasting diatomaceous earth, iron powder, aluminum powder, coke powder, activated carbon, salt to form a bag, which can be heated to 60 °C It can be used for heating in winter, medical hot compress, adding quicklime, sodium carbonate and water. The temperature can be raised to 120 °C to heat meals or steamed food. The temperature is kept for 20 minutes to 100 ° C for 60 minutes and 60 ° C after 60 minutes. The material used in the winter heating and hot compressing can be repeatedly used, and after being used, it can be mixed with quicklime and sodium carbonate, and then heated to heat the food.

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