Garlic fertilizer management obstacles and mitigation measures

In early December, we visited some garlic growers in Maochen Town and Wolong Town, Xiaonan District, Xiaogan City, Hubei Province. We found that most of the farmer's garlic was growing well, with a lush green, but there were also a small number of garlic seedlings grown by the farmers. The tip of the blade is yellow. Analyze the reasons, and the difference in growth is mainly due to improper management of fertilizer and water. Some rice varieties were changed to garlic, and the quality of preparation was rough. After the emergence of garlic, the roots were not good and it was difficult to absorb fertilizer and water. Some of them were sowed late. After applying the base fertilizer, they encountered long-term drought and the fertilizer supply was slow. Some of them were not covered with grass after sowing. It also did not divert water and resist drought, but it was even worse. Of course, there are very few cases where pest control does not occur in time.

The root system of garlic is a chord-like fleshy root with no main roots. The roots are scattered on the stem plate of the base of garlic. There is no root hair, or very few root hairs. The roots are shallow, but the roots are more, and they are born in a 5-25 cm soil layer. Although garlic roots are weak, they are very sensitive to fertilizer and water. Although it is more tolerant to drought but more like moist, it needs a large amount of fertilizer but it can not be excessive. Therefore, according to the characteristics of garlic root development, we must sum up the experience and lessons in field management, and make the following improvements in fertilizer and water management.

First, a small amount of repeated fertilization, pay attention to light before the weight. The inherent experience of farmers in garlic-producing areas is "poor people don't grow garlic," which means that they must be willing to invest in fertilizer to grow garlic. According to the research, the garlic in the Fengtian field must be applied with 12-18.5 kg of pure nitrogen, 10-11.5 kg of phosphorus pentoxide and 12-13.5 kg of potassium oxide per mu. The base fertilizer should account for 60%-70% of the total amount of fertilizer, and 1500-2000 kilograms of human fecal urine should be applied per acre, or 2-3 squares of organic farmhouse fertilizer should be applied, and 40-50 kilograms of cake fertilizer should be applied, or organic fertilizer should be applied. Compound fertilizer 75-100 kg, with application of 50 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, or application of high content of ternary compound fertilizer 50-60 kg. The emergence of garlic 2-3 leaves, each mu should be recovered from human urine 1000 kg, or urea 10-15 kg. Before the winter, apply the cooked gray fertilizer as wax fertilizer to about 1500 kg per mu. Apply 10-15 kg of urea per acre before twitching. And Huiman Feng active liquid fertilizer can be used, 100 ml per mu watered 50 kg spraying. After twitching, according to the growth of garlic, then apply the valvium fertilizer as appropriate.

Second, regulate soil moisture, so that three guarantees three control. Before emergence, it is necessary to keep the soil moist to facilitate seedlings and seedlings. After emergence, it is necessary to control the moisture and prevent it from growing in length. To keep the soil moist during vigorous leaf growth, water must be controlled prior to convulsions to promote convulsions. Immediately after picking, watering should be done to keep the soil moist, promote bulb expansion, and grow garlic quickly. When harvesting garlic, it is necessary to control the watering and urge the garlic to mature.

Third, do a good job supporting management, improve fertilizer and water effects. In order to improve the combined effect of garlic fertilization and irrigation, it is necessary to do a good job of supporting management measures. First, it is necessary to fine-tune the soil so that the soil can be soaked in the grass to facilitate the early rooting of garlic. Second, the organic fertilizer must be finely divided and must be thoroughly dispersed during application. Thirdly, the field ditch should be unblocked to facilitate drainage and irrigation, and water can be used to regulate fertilizers. Fourth, timely cultivating after seedlings should be carried out to increase soil permeability, promote new roots, and enhance absorption of fertilizer and water. Fifth, timely prevention and control Underground pests and leaf blight, white rot, and other diseases during the seedling stage.

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