Antimicrobial central venous catheters are discussed as a device to reduce catheter-related infections. Previously we have reported a study with 223 adult surgical patients randomized to receive either a rifampicin-miconazole-loaded Central Venous Catheter (CVC) (n=118) or a standard CVC (n=105). The antimicrobial CVC was shown to reduce catheter colonization (CC) and catheter-related local infection (CRI) significantly even at long-term catheterization. Here, we present further evaluation of the study focusing on possible benefits for high-risk patients. Subgroup analyses showed a pronounced reduction of CC and CRI in male, overweight and oncology patients. Important covariates were skin colonization for CC and oncological disease for CRI. Odds ratio (OR) for reducing CC was 0.076 (95% CI: 0.016-0.360) and CRI was reduced from 26% to 2.3% (p=0.001) in the cancer subgroup. Ex vivo long-term antimicrobial activity of modified catheters exceeded 4 weeks.
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Fourteen ways to improve the conception rate of cows
There are many reasons for the infertility or low conception rate of cows, but they are mainly due to irrational diets, lack of minerals and vitamins. There is a problem with cow health and reproductive systems such as uterine and ovarian disorders. Irregular estrus cycle, poor semen quality, insemination and inaccurate operation. To reduce cow infertility and increase the conception rate should be carefully identified and analyzed depending on the etiology of the disease, and appropriate measures should be taken to deal with it. One side sautéed with fragrant cilantro, each with 45 grams of Yunfu, moxibustion Pinellia, 40 grams of orange peel, fried herb 50 grams, 100 grams of six songs. One dose a day, two doses of decoction, and even served on the 6th, withdrawal on the 1st, for a course of treatment. It is generally advisable to serve one cycle of love (ie about 3 courses). This side is suitable for sturdy fat, estrus or estrus repeated infertile cows. Fresh jujube tree root root 2.5 kg, 3 kg fresh wax pine, epimedium 150 grams, after the four flavors were mixed into 3 equal parts, 1 serving each, sub-agent water decoction taken orally, the effect is obvious. Three pairs of young birds, full-skin hair moxibustion dry, powdered, dried ginger 250-400 grams (or 500 grams of fresh ginger) finely chopped, wine 500-700 grams. When cows are in estrus, they should be taken together with the drugs of wine, and they should be bred after 3-5 hours. Herbal Motherwort 250 grams, 30 grams of red flowers, 500 grams of black beans, decoction orally. One dose every other day, even serving 2-3 doses is appropriate. This side is suitable for non-estrus cows. The five parties divided the diluted solution by the ratio of 1 g of iodine tablets, 3 g of potassium iodide and 6 g of distilled water. At the same time, take 4 ml of the stock solution and rinse the uterus with 200 ml of distilled water. This method has obvious curative effect on cow infertility caused by chronic endometritis, suppurative metritis, catarrhal hysteritis, vaginitis and the like. 120 grams of hexagonal barley malt, Chinese angelica, safflower, habitat, 60 grams of ground bone, black beans 500-1000 grams, add water soup. The estrus of the cows began to be fed 1-3 days, one dose per day, and three doses, and the second day after the third dose was served. This side is suitable for normal estrus and repeated infertile cows. In case of incomplete ovarian function, intramuscular injection of 0.5% neostigmine 2 ml, 3 injections, 48 ​​hours apart. The third time, 1000 international units of pregnant horse serum can be injected at the same time, and 82.4% of the cows can restore their functions. Octagonal cows of recessive endometritis, 2 hours before estrous mating, rinse the uterus with normal saline 200-500 ml, and inject 40-100 million units of penicillin, 1 million units of streptomycin, and then give birth at the right time. The pregnancy rate can reach more than 60%. Nine intramuscular injection of vitamins. 15-20 minutes after insemination, intramuscular injection of vitamin E 500 mg can increase the rate of conception by 14.4%. On the day of insemination, 5 to 6 days after insemination, each of the intramuscular injections of vitamin A was 580 000 units, vitamin D 3.1 million units, and vitamin E 500 mg was increased by 20% in one affection period. In 10%-50% glucose solution, 100-200 million units of penicillin and streptomycin are added and injected into the uterus after artificial insemination for 6-8 hours. The rate of conception can be increased by 26%-50 for cows suffering from endometritis. %. In the first and second situations after the delivery of the cows, the Eleventh Party injected 5 to 500,000 units of oxytocin within 5 to 7 minutes after insemination. The fertility rate was increased by 20%. The twelve-muscular injection of gonadotropin 10 milligrams, the conception rate can be increased by 12% -19.1%: Repeatedly with infertile cattle, the fertility rate after injection by 26.1%. Thirteen side ovarian function decline or cyst can be continuous injection of oil progesterone 50 mg each, even for 6 days, and then with the injection of pregnant horse serum gonadotropin 2400-3500 international units, can make more than 42% of the cattle by fetus. Fourteen square, intramuscular injection of prostaglandin F for 45-60 days after delivery, 20-25 ml, fertility rate of 73%-85%. For long-term infertile cattle, subcutaneous injections of 20 ml of colostrum and 0.5% of neostigmine were used to increase the conception rate by 24%. (Xiu Ping Shaomin, Zhongzheng Co., Ltd., Qingyang County, Anhui Province, China: 242800)