Autumn safflower

Choice of customs: Red flowers like warm and dry climate, adaptability, cold and drought. The optimum temperature for seed germination is 15°C-25°C, the germination rate is slower below 10°C, and the seedlings can tolerate a low temperature of -9°C. Safflower is scary, and it is better to choose sandy loam with high topography, medium fertility, good drainage, and no pollution source. Avoid plots of low-lying water and avoid continuous cropping.
Planting clearance: Safflower light is preferred, and sowing in autumn is preferred from early October to mid-November. After the land is selected, basal fertilizer is applied, and the basal fertilizer is mainly farmed manure. Generally, 1500-2000 kilograms of manure is cooked per acre. Then plough the land, plough and level it and make a stilt. Before sowing, soak in seeds with warm water of 40°C-45°C for 20 minutes, remove and transfer to cool water, and take out the seeds after drying. The sowing is better. The spacing between the rows is 20 cm and 30 cm. The sowing depth is about 5 cm. Each hole is seeded with 4-5 seeds. The amount per mu is 2 to 2.5 kg. The planting density should be reasonable, with 11,000 to 12,000 plants per mu.

Management Guan: Safflower topdressing should be timely and appropriate, first, Miao Miao should be applied, and second, stem stalk fertilizer should be applied. In general, the use of decomposed human and animal waste and urine is mainly based on the use of 250-300 kg of fertilizer per acre with 10% of the diluted fertilizer solution, as far as possible without chemical fertilizer. Weeding and weeding were generally carried out three times. The first two were combined with thinning and seedlings, and the third was combined with topdressing and earthing before the closure of the line. Topping should be safflower plants about 1 meter long and branching up to 20 when the optimum period, after topping must strengthen management. In the event of drought in the seedling stage, budding stage and flowering stage, safflower should be properly irrigated to keep the soil moist; if the rainfall is too large, it should be drained in time.

Harvesting: safflower flowering will be carried out 2-3 days after flowering, at which point batch harvesting should begin. The harvesting standard is: when the top of the corolla is golden yellow, the middle is orange, the color is bright, and the sepals are soft, they can be picked. After the flowers are harvested, they should be spread out. Do not stack or squeeze them. Drying method: Remove the impurities first, then evenly spread on the bamboo mat, cover with a layer of white paper, dry naturally in the sun or dry in a cool, ventilated place. In case of rainy days, it should be baked in the baking room at 40°C-60°C in time. When safflower matures, the safflower is selected for sunny harvesting, threshing, and drying to reduce the seed moisture content to 6% before storage.

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