Apple, pear after flowering principle and pharmaceutical selection

First, the right remedy, the enemy of the enemy The major diseases after the fall of the apple are: apple powdery mildew, spotted defoliation, brown spot, rotenus rot disease, anthrax. The main pests are: apple astragalus, gold moth, apple leaf roller moth, apple red spider. The main diseases after falling pears are pear black spot disease and black spot disease. Insect pests include pear-eating bees, pear-stalk bees, pear-tree worms, and yellow-yellow-flies. After the spring, with the increase of temperature, germs and pests began to move. In the event of a rainy weather, the spore disk or ascospora of the pathogen ruptures after swelling with water and emits a large amount of pathogenic spores into the air. The spores of these pathogens will splatter with the flow of air or rain, and zoospores will adhere to the surface of fruits and leaves and invade the stomata. At this time, the germs will infect the plants. After infestation, the pathogens first lurk in the fruit or leaves for a period of time. The incubation period of different diseases is different: for example, the brown spot is 6-12 days, the rotenus rot disease is 15-150 days, and the spotted deciduous disease is 3-6 hours. Both spot deciduous disease and brown spot disease can cause early loss of apple leaves, and the major defoliation of Red Fuji varieties is brown spot disease. The pear scab can not only cause the leaves of the pear tree to fall off, but also can make the fruit lose its food value. Therefore, the prevention of diseases is more important than insect pests. Second, for the role of fungicides Select the type of fungicides Features of protective fungicides: 1, in the fruit and leaves form a uniform and dense protective film, effectively prevent bacteria and fruit and leaves contact. 2. Inhibit the germination of zoospores and kill zoospores. 3, the role of pathogenic bacteria targets more. 4, continuous use will not produce resistance. It is mainly used before or at the beginning of the disease. The characteristics of systemic therapeutic agents: 1. Systemic therapeutic agents are absorbed by plants in fruits and leaves and participate in fluid flow in plants. 2. The systemic fungicide mainly inhibits or destroys the formation of pathogenic mycelium and controls the spread and spread of the disease. 3. Single point of action for pathogenic bacteria targets, and continuous use will induce resistance to the drug. Generally used after the onset of fruit trees. Third, we must consider the safety of pharmaceuticals on young fruit Apple and pear fruit in the young fruit period, more sensitive to chemical agents, if improper medication, will cause fruit spots to enlarge, thicker peel, fruit rust will cause serious or invisible The harm to the medicine causes the fruit to lose its food value. Therefore, copper preparations, sulfur preparations, fungicides, synergists, penetrants, and unsafe dosage forms that may cause phytotoxicity to young fruit are not used as much as possible in young fruit. Try to choose safe dosage forms for young fruit such as: water-dispersible granules, soluble powders, liquids, liquid suspensions, and good quality wettable powders. IV. Considering the cost of medications and the unsmooth water quality used during the application of the maximum pharmaceutical efficacy will have a certain impact on the efficacy of the drug. At the same time, due to the waxiness and hairiness on the surfaces of the fruits and leaves, the poor infiltration and coverage of the medicaments. , will affect the control effect. The addition of Roushuitong will not only improve the water quality and increase the efficacy, but also reduce the amount of liquid spray, thus reducing the cost of application. In addition, the selection of a protective bactericide with a long effective period of time will also reduce the cost of control. Through the analysis of the above factors, apples and pears after the fall of the fungicide should choose protective fungicides, we recommend the following recipes to the fruit farmers: 1, Yi Bao 1200-1500 times plus Wanling 3000 times plus soft water through 4000 times. 2, Meng killed 800 times plus dying net or diuretic 1500 times plus soft water 4000 times. 3, Pu Dejin or Xin Wansheng 800 times plus Wanling 3000 times plus soft water 4000 times.

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