Antibody positive status and immune detection strategy in different stages of Epstein-Barr virus infection

1. Experimental purpose:
The antibody samples of different antigens of Epstein-Barr virus of Germany IBL were used to detect the samples of patients at different infection stages, and the positive rates of various antibodies at different stages were counted. It provides a method and strategy for the diagnosis of clinical Epstein-Barr virus, especially the immunological diagnosis of Epstein-Barr virus.
2. Materials and methods
To determine the clinical sensitivity and specificity of the IBL EBV ELISA kit, we made a total of 242 samples. The samples were taken from different stages of EBV infection. The name and catalogue number of the antibody detection kit using different antigens of Epstein-Barr virus from Germany IBL are:
(1) ELISA kit for BE virus shell antigen IgM antibody (EBV VCA IgM ELISA; article number: RE57361).
(2) BE virus shell antigen IgG antibody ELISA kit (EBV VCA IgG ELISA; article number: RE56281).
(3) ELISA kit for BE virus shell antigen IgA antibody (EBV VCA IgA ELISA; article number: RE56271).
(4) (3) BE virus early antigen IgA antibody ELISA test kit (EBV EA IgA ELISA; article number: RE56211).
(5) ELISA kit for early detection of BE virus early antigen IgG (EBV VCA IgG ELISA; article number: RE56221).
(6) BE virus nuclear antigen IgG antibody ELISA test kit (EBV VCA IgG ELISA; article number: RE56251).
Samples negative for antigenic seropositivity (including samples taken from children): n=64; samples at the acute infection stage: n=48; reactivated infection: n=55; previous infection: n=75. All samples were identified by IF (immunofluorescence) classification, in particular reactivation of infected samples. Comparison of methods, all samples have been tested with the FDA-recognized reference ELSIA kit (EBNA IgG, VCA IgG, VCA IgM and EA IgG). EA IgA and VCA IgA do not yet have an FDA-recognized reference ELISA kit.
3 . Results: The results are shown in the table below: different stages of infection

Positive samples (including critical values) determined using the IBL-ELISA kit
N=242
VCA IgM
VCA IgG
VCA IgA
EA IgA
EA IgG
EBNA IgG
Acute infection sample 48
96%
90%
75%
65%
90%
0%
Activated infection sample n=55
0%
100%
96%
76%
93%
100%
Previous infection sample n=75
1%
89%
47%
05
10%
100%
Seronegative negative sample n=22
5%
14%*
18%*
0%
0%
0%
0-12 months of children n=42
2%
36%**
25
0%
2%
14%**

Almost 100% positive
Positive index of change
Almost 100% negative
Maternal antibody


* In the EBV seropositive group, the early asymptomatic EBV-infected population may be included, resulting in positive VCA IgM, IgA, and IgG results.
**The maternal antibody only represents VCA IgG, and the concentration of EBNA IgG is very low.
4 . Conclusion: Sensitivity and specificity of the IBL EBV-ELISAs kit for different stages of EBV infection
Acute EBV infection: As shown in the table above, we can detect three parameters (VCA IgM, VCA IgG and EA IgG, the general test results are positive) and EBNA IgG (general test results are negative) to determine whether it is acute EBV infection. .
Reactivation of EBV infection: VCA IgM testing with or without tumor reactivation EBV infection is almost 100% negative compared to acute infection, but VCA IgG, VCA IgA, EA IgG and EBNA IgG are apparently Positive, as shown in the table above.
Past infections: There were two significant positive parameters for previous infections, VCA IgG and EBNA IgG. With the exception of VCA IgA, almost all other parameters should be negative, and in previous infections, the concentration of VCA IgA can last up to one year.
Serum-negative patients: Six parameters for seronegative patients should be negative. Even if a parameter in VCA IgG, VCA IgA or VCA IgM is positive, the patient should be asymptomatic EBV infection. In addition, this single positive result also indicates that the experiment is slightly non-specific, because the kit has high sensitivity, so it can recognize antibodies produced by polyclonal stimulation. In order to clearly identify whether it is seronegative, we recommend that you repeat the test after 7 to 10 days.
Maternal antibodies: Within 6 to 9 months of birth, we can detect maternal antibodies at very low concentrations. If they are previously infected, the two parameters, VCA IgG and EBNA IgG, should be positive. As shown in the table above, all other antibodies should be negative. The fact that the parent antibody can be detected indicates that the two parameters of the IBL ELISA kit are highly sensitive.

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